The Effect of Creep and Other Time Related Factors on Plastics and Elastomers

The second edition of the classic data book, The Effect of Creep and Other Time Related Factors on Plastics and Elastomers (originally published in 1991), has been extensively revised with the addition of an abundance of new data, the removal of all out-dated information, and the complete rebuilding of the product and company listings. This new edition also has been reorganized from a polymer chemistry point of view. Plastics of similar polymer types are grouped into chapters, each with an introduction that briefly explains the chemistry of the polymers used in the plastics. An extensive introductory chapter has also been added, which summarizes the chemistry of making polymers, the formulation of plastics, creep-testing, test methods, measurements, and charts, as well as theory and plastic selection. Each chapter is generally organized by product and concludes with comparisons of brand or generic products. The appendices include a list of trade names, plastics sold under those names, and manufacturer. A list of conversion factors for stress measures is also included. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Laurence W. McKeen earned a B.S. in Chemistry from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1973 and a Ph.D. in 1978 from the University of Wisconsin. He began his career with DuPont in 1978 as a mass spectroscopist, but moved into product development in the Teflon® Finishes group in 1980. Dr. McKeen has accumulated over 28 years of experience in product development and applications, working with customers in a wide range of industries, which has led to the creation of dozens of commercial products. More than 8 core chapters, which serve as a databank for evaluating the creep of plastics Over 600 uniform graphs for more than 45 generic families of plastics are explained Types of graphs include: (1) Isochronous Stress–Strain Curves at Various Times and Temperatures (2) Creep Strain or Creep Deformation versus Time at Various Stress Levels and Temperatures (3) Various Modulus Measures (Tensile, Compressive, Flexural) versus Time at Various Temperatures (4) Hoop Stress versus Time at Various Temperatures (5) Stress Cracking and Other Plastics Failure versus Time (6) Creep Rupture versus Time

What is the minimum amount of materials needed to meet your performance requirements? How much will the dimensions of a part change when loaded for a specified time at a given temperature? Engineers and designers will find the answers to these important questions in The Effect of Creep and Other Time Related Factors on Plastics. This is the only single reference that shows the effect of creep and time. A databank of material constants used in engineering design equations substituting time/temperature dependent apparent modulus for elastic modulus in standard engineering equations will allow prediction of the effects of creep and stress relaxation.

This reference guide brings together a wide range of critical data on the effect of creep and other long term effects on plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. The data are supported by explanations of how to make use of the data in real world engineering contexts and provides the long-term properties data that designers need to create a product that will stand the test of time. This new edition represents a full update of the data, removing all obsolete data, adding new data, and updating the list of plastics manufacturers. Additional plastics have also been included for polyesters, polyamides and others where available, including polyolefins, elastomers and fluoropolymers. Entirely new sections on biodegradable polymers and thermosets have been added to the book. The level of data included – along with the large number of graphs and tables for easy comparison – saves readers the need to contact suppliers, and the selection guide has been fully updated, giving assistance on the questions which engineers should be asking when specifying materials for any given application. Trustworthy, current data on creep, stress-strain and environmental stress cracking, enabling easier and more effective material selection and product design. Includes expert guidance to help practitioners make best use of the data. Entirely new sections added on sustainable and biodegradable polymers, and thermosets.

This reference guide brings together a wide range of critical data on the effect of temperature on plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. The effects of humidity level and strain rate on mechanical and electrical properties are also covered. The data are supported by explanations of how to make use of the data in real world engineering contexts. High (and low) temperatures can have a significant impact on plastics processing and applications, particularly in industries such as automotive, aerospace, oil and gas, packaging, and medical devices, where metals are increasingly being replaced by plastics. Additional plastics have also been included for polyesters, polyamides and others where available, including polyolefins, elastomers and fluoropolymers. Entirely new sections on biodegradable polymers and thermosets have been added to the book. The level of data included – along with the large number of graphs and tables for easy comparison – saves readers the need to contact suppliers, and the selection guide has been fully updated, giving assistance on the questions which engineers should be asking when specifying materials for any given application. Trustworthy, current thermal data and best practice guidance for engineers and materials scientists in the plastics industry More than 1,000 graphs and tables allow for easy comparison between plastics Entirely new sections added on biopolymers and thermosets.

This reference guide brings together a wide range of essential data on the sterilization of plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. The data tables in this book enable engineers and scientists to select the right materials, and right sterilization method for a given product or application. The third edition includes new text chapters that provide the underpinning knowledge required to make best use of the data. Larry McKeen has also added detailed descriptions of sterilization methods for most common polymer classes such as polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, elastomers, fluoropolymers, biodegradable plastics. Data has been updated throughout, with expanded information on newer classes of polymer utilized in medical devices and sterile packaging, such as UHMWPE, high temperature plastics (PEEK, PES, PPS, etc.), PBT, PETG, etc. The resulting Handbook is an essential reference for Plastics Engineers, Materials Scientists and Chemists working in contexts where sterilization is required, such as food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging and medical devices. Essential data and practical guidance for engineers and scientists working with plastics in applications that require sterile packaging and equipment. 3rd edition includes new introductory chapters on sterilization processes and polymer chemistry, providing the underpinning knowledge required to utilize the data. Provides essential information and guidance for FDA submissions required for new Medical Devices.

Most plastic products and parts are expected to be used in environments other than room temperature and standard humidity conditions. Chapters 2-10 are a databank that serves as an evaluation of plastics as they are exposed to varying operating conditions at different temperatures, humidity, and other factors. Over 900 graphs for more than 45 generic families of plastics are contained in these chapters. Chapter 11 contains extensive mechanical and electrical data in tabular form. The tables contain data on several thousand plastics. Similarly, Chapter 12 contains thermal data on several thousand plastics. Data from the first edition have only been removed if those products were discontinued, and many products were. Product names and manufacturers have been updated. . Detailed introductions of plastics properties, testing procedures, and principles of plastics design. . The only "databook" available on the effects of temperature and humidity conditions on plastics and elastomers. .-

This reference guide brings together a wide range of essential data on the effect of long term thermal exposure on plastics and elastomers, enabling engineers to make optimal material choices and design decisions. The data is supported by explanations of how to make use of the data in real-world engineering contexts. High heat environments are common in automotive, oil and gas, household appliances, coatings, space and aeronautics and many more end uses. As a result, thermal stability data are critically important to engineers designing parts particularly that replace metals, work that is common today as they look for ways to reduce weight. The data tables in this book enable engineers and scientists to select the right materials for a given product or application across a wide range of sectors. Several polymer classes are covered, including polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, elastomers, fluoropolymers, biodegradable plastics and more, saving readers the need to contact suppliers. The book also includes introductory sections to provide background on plastic/polymer chemistry and formulation and plastic testing methods, providing the knowledge required to make best use of the data. Essential data and practical guidance for engineers and scientists working with plastics for use in high temperature environments Includes introductory chapters on polymer chemistry and its effect on thermal stability, providing the underpinning knowledge required to utilize the data Covers a wide range of commercial polymer classes, saving readers the need to contact suppliers

Part of a series of core databooks within the William Andrew Plastics Design Library, Fatigue and Tribological Properties of Plastics and Elastomers provides a comprehensive collection of graphical multipoint data and tabular data covering fatigue and tribology. The concept of fatigue is very straightforward: if an object is subjected to a stress or deformation, and it is repeated, the object becomes weaker. This weakening of plastic material is called fatigue. Tribology is the science and technology of surfaces in contact with each other and therefore covers friction, lubrication and wear. The reduction of wear and fatigue and the improvement of lubrication are key bottom-line issues for engineers and scientists involved in the plastics industry and product design with plastics. Fatigue and Tribological Properties of Plastics and Elastomers, 2e, is an update of all that has changed in the world of plastics since the 1st edition appeared nearly 15 years ago, and has been reorganized from a polymer chemistry point of view. A hard-working reference tool: part of the daily workflow of engineers and scientists involved in the plastics industry and product design with plastics The reduction of wear and fatigue and the improvement of lubrication are key bottom-line issues The data in this book provide engineers with the tools they need to design for low failure rates

This handbook is an compilation that illustrates how the elements of weathering affect the properties and characteristics of 89 plastics and elastomers. It is comprised of diverse references, including conference proceedings, test laboratories, materials suppliers, monographs, and trade and technical journals. The information provided ranges from a general overview of the resistance of various plastics and elastomers to weathering (ultraviolet light, moisture, heat) to detailed discussions and test results. At the same time, an effort is made to provide information for many weathering tests and conditions (i.e. outdoor, outdoor accelerated, artificial accelerated, indoor, microbiologic attack, etc.) and material combinations. Results of weathering exposure for more than 80 families of plastics and elastomers are presented in textual, graphical and tabular formats.

"Highly recommended for anyone in chemistry looking for a very readable book on chemical information retrieval." -Journal of the American Chemical Society (on the Second Edition) The Essential Guide to Using CHemical Information Sources-in a brand-new Third Edition More chemical information resources exist now than ever before, in an array of formats that can be daunting to novices and experts alike in every discipline of the field. Yet a sound working knowledge of available sources and how to access them is an invaluable asset to anyone working in the fast-moving world of modern chemistry-an essential tool for saving time, money, and effort. This new edition of How to Find Chemical Information guides readers skillfully through today's complex maze of chemical information sources and systems, whether in electronic or printed form. It combines an in-depth examination of chemical information tools and access methods with tested principles for assessing and selecting the most appropriate sources for different needs. Thoroughly revised and updated to address all major developments and trends of recent years, How to Find Chemical Information, Third Edition is a peerless resource that features: * The mechanics of chemistry information flow, communication patterns, and search strategies * Detailed and up-to-date material on Chemical Abstracts Service and its products * Other private and government chemical information sources * Online databases, host systems, Internet files, CD-ROMs, and other electronic products and how these fit into the total information picture * Encyclopedias, other major reference books, and reviews * Journals and patent documents * Coverage of safety, the environment, and related topics * Chemical marketing and business resources * Physical property data, process information, and more

Today, a generational change is taking place in the fluoropolymer industry. The pioneers of PTFE developed an astonishing mass of basic and applied technical work. Now many of these experts are retiring and a new generation is taking their place. This new generation brings a plethora of skills, built upon the basic knowledge of fluoropolymer technology. Speaking to the needs of today's engineering and science students and practicing professionals, this book provides an in-depth treatment of homofluoropolymer polymerization and part fabrication technology. A comprehensive range of issues surrounding the manufacturing of the monomer; polymer, fabrication, end-use, safety, and disposal are covered. The book has been arranged to allow self-managed reading and learning. It is both a source of data and a reference.

A stable usage of rubber compounds in the production of components for almost every industry has created the need for this handbook and formulary. Convenience is the primary reason for such a book. With the variety of uses for rubber being as broad as the imagination, a formulary which includes an overview of the history of rubber, as well as sections on ingredients, processing methods, and testing, is a welcome addition to any manufacturer's library. Rubber products include seals and gaskets for windows, pressure and vacuum hoses for automotive and aerospace applications, bottle stoppers for medical and pharmaceutical products, center cores for all types of balls, belts for tools and machinery, shock and vibration absorbers for everything from motor mounts to sky scrapers, insulation for blankets, and even large film coatings for roofing applications. Additional industrial and consumer products are being designed out of rubber compounds every day. Whether you are involved with selling raw materials, producing rubber compounds, or designing rubber components and products, Rubber Formulary is the right sourcebook of data for your needs. This first-ever collection of 500 suggested formulas has been provided by raw materials suppliers around the world. Written for both technical and managerial personnel, this collection of formulas and basic texts will also benefit students and other individuals just entering the field.