Scattering, Natural Surfaces, and Fractals

Scattering, Natural Surfaces, and Fractals provides a comprehensive overview of electromagnetic scattering from natural surfaces, ranging from the classical to the more recent (fractal) approach. As remote sensing applications become increasingly important, this text provides readers with a solid background in interpretation, classification and thematization of microwave images. The “scattering problem is discussed in detail with emphasis on its application to electromagnetic wave propagation, remote sensing, radar detection, and electromagnetic diagnostics. Natural surface and fractals complete this treatise focusing on how the fractal model represents our natural environment and other planets in our solar system, most recently as used to research the planet Venus and Titan, one of the moons of Saturn. An example of how scattering, fractals, and natural surfaces are of great importance is the following: Natural oil slicks in the ocean have been found to be fractal while man-made ones (generated by illegal washing of oil carrying ships) are not. Processing of an ocean image from space may detect the latter by means of a fractal analysis. An elegant and clear treatment of a rigorous topic with informative prose and realistic illustrations of scattering Provides readers with a solid background in interpretation, classification, and thematization of microwave images The only book available on fractal models and their application to scattering

Part 1: SCATTERING OF WAVES BY MACROSCOPIC TARGET -- Interdisciplinary aspects of wave scattering -- Acoustic scattering -- Acoustic scattering: approximate methods -- Electromagnetic wave scattering: theory -- Electromagnetic wave scattering: approximate and numerical methods -- Electromagnetic wave scattering: applications -- Elastodynamic wave scattering: theory -- Elastodynamic wave scattering: Applications -- Scattering in Oceans -- Part 2: SCATTERING IN MICROSCOPIC PHYSICS AND CHEMICAL PHYSICS -- Introduction to direct potential scattering -- Introduction to Inverse Potential Scattering -- Visible and Near-visible Light Scattering -- Practical Aspects of Visible and Near-visible Light Scattering -- Nonlinear Light Scattering -- Atomic and Molecular Scattering: Introduction to Scattering in Chemical -- X-ray Scattering -- Neutron Scattering -- Electron Diffraction and Scattering -- Part 3: SCATTERING IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS -- Nuclear Physics -- Part 4: PARTICLE SCATTERING -- State of ...

The author integrates discussions of fractal geometry, surface modeling techniques, and applications to real world problems to provide a comprehensive, accessible overview of the field. His work will equip researchers with the basic tools for measurement and interpretation of data, stimulating more work on these problems and, perhaps, leading to an understanding of the reasons that Nature has adopted this geometry to shape much of our world.

Provides the state of the art of modelling, simulation and calculation methods for electromagnetic fields and waves and their application.

Modeling and simulating biological and physical systems are nowadays active branches of science. The diversity and complexity of behaviors and patterns present in the natural world have their reciprocity in life systems. Bifurcations, solitons and fractals are some of these ubiquitous structures that can be indistinctively identified in many models with the most diverse applications, from microtubules with an essential role in the maintenance and the shaping of cells, to the nano/microscale structure in disordered systems determined with small-angle scattering techniques. This book collects several works in this direction, giving an overview of some models and theories, which are useful for the study and analysis of complex biological and physical systems. It can provide a good guidance for physicists with interest in biology, applied research scientists and postgraduate students.

Fractal analysis has entered a new era. The applications to different areas of knowledge have been surprising. Let us begin with the fractional calculus-fractal geometry relationship, which allows for modeling with extreme precision of phenomena such as diffusion in porous media with fractional partial differential equations in fractal objects. Where the order of the equation is the same as the fractal dimension, this allows us to make calculations with enormous precision in diffusion phenomena-particularly in the oil industry, for new spillage prevention. Main applications to industry, design of fractal antennas to receive all frequencies and that is used in all cell phones, spacecraft, radars, image processing, measure, porosity, turbulence, scattering theory. Benoit Mandelbrot, creator of fractal geometry, would have been surprised by the use of fractal analysis presented in this book: "Part I: Petroleum Industry and Numerical Analysis"; "Part II: Fractal Antennas, Spacecraft, Radars, Image Processing, and Measure"; and "Part III: Scattering Theory, Porosity, and Turbulence." It's impossible to picture today's research without fractal analysis.

This book addresses issues of scattering theory and biomedical engineering, as well as methodological approaches and tools from related scientific areas such as applied mathematics, mechanics, numerical analysis, and signal and image processing.

"FRONTIERS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS is the first all-in-one resource to bring in-depth original papers on today's major advances in long-standing electromagnetics problems. Highly regarded editors Douglas H. Werner and Raj Mittra have meticulously selected new contributed papers from preeminent researchers in the field to provide state-of-the-art discussions on emerging areas of electromagnetics. Antenna and microwave engineers and students will find key insights into current trends and techniques of electromagnetics likely to shape future directions of this increasingly important topic. Each chapter includes a comprehensive analysis and ample references on innovative subjects that range from combining electromagnetic theory with mathematical concepts to the most recent techniques in electromagnetic optimization and estimation. The contributors also present the latest developments in analytical and numerical methods for solving electromagnetics problems. With a level of expertise unmatched in the field, FRONTIERS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS provides readers with a solid foundation to understand this rapidly changing area of technology. Topics covering fast-developing applications in electromagnetics include: * Fractal electrodynamics, fractal antennas and arrays, and scattering from fractally rough surfaces * Knot electrodynamics * The role of group theory and symmetry * Fractional calculus * Lommel and multiple expansions. Professors: To request an examination copy simply e-mail [email protected]" Sponsored by: IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society.

A timely and authoritative guide to the state of the art of wavescattering Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves offers in three volumes acomplete and up-to-date treatment of wave scattering by randomdiscrete scatterers and rough surfaces. Written by leadingscientists who have made important contributions to wave scatteringover three decades, this new work explains the principles, methods,and applications of this rapidly expanding, interdisciplinaryfield. It covers both introductory and advanced material andprovides students and researchers in remote sensing as well asimaging, optics, and electromagnetic theory with a one-stopreference to a wealth of current research results. Plus, Scatteringof Electromagnetic Waves contains detailed discussions of bothanalytical and numerical methods, including cutting-edge techniquesfor the recovery of earth/land parametric information. The three volumes are entitled respectively Theories andApplications, Numerical Simulation, and Advanced Topics. In thethird volume, Advanced Topics, Leung Tsang (University ofWashington) and Jin Au Kong (MIT), cover: * Two-dimensional random rough surface scattering * Kirchhoff and related methods for rough surface scattering * Analytic theory of volume scattering based on cascading oflayers * Analytic wave theory for medium with permittivityfluctuations * Multiple scattering theory for discrete scatterers * Quasicrystalline approximation in dense media scattering * Dense media scattering * Backscattering enhancement