Photonics

Photonics, a volume in the Interface Transmission Tutorial Book series, describes the science of photonic transmission properties of the interfaces of composite materials systems and devices. The book's authors review the general analysis methods of interface transmission, give many examples, and apply these methods to photonic applications. Applications discussed include photonic crystals, materials, devices and circuits. Offers a unique approach on photonics from the interfacial transmission point-of-view Reviews the interface transmission properties of composite materials for photonics applications Authored by world-leading experts on interface transmission

This book provides a comprehensive introduction into photonics, from the electrodynamic and quantum mechanic fundamentals to the level of photonic components and building blocks such as lasers, amplifiers, modulators, waveguides, and detectors.The book will serve both as textbook and as a reference work for the advanced student or scientist. Theoretical results are derived from basic principles with convenient, yet state-of-the-art mathematical tools, providing not only deeper understanding but also familiarization with formalisms used in the relevant technical literature and research articles. Among the subject matters treated are polarization optics, pulse and beam propagation, waveguides, light–matter interaction, stationary and transient behavior of lasers, semiconductor optics and lasers (including low-dimensional systems such as quantum wells), detector technology, photometry, and colorimetry. Nonlinear optics are elaborated comprehensively.The book is intended for both students of physics and electronics and scientists and engineers in fields such as laser technology, optical communications, laser materials processing, and medical laser applications who wish to gain an in-depth understanding of photonics.

Designed for senior undergraduate/first year graduate students in electrical engineering departments, this text covers key subjects in optical electronics and their applications in modern optical communications where optical waves are used as carriers of information.

Simulation and modeling using numerical methods is one of the key instruments in any scientific work. In the field of photonics, a wide range of numerical methods are used for studying both fundamental optics and applications such as design, development, and optimization of photonic components. Modeling is key for developing improved photonic devices and reducing development time and cost. Choosing the appropriate computational method for a photonics modeling problem requires a clear understanding of the pros and cons of the available numerical methods. Numerical Methods in Photonics presents six of the most frequently used methods: FDTD, FDFD, 1+1D nonlinear propagation, modal method, Green’s function, and FEM. After an introductory chapter outlining the basics of Maxwell’s equations, the book includes self-contained chapters that focus on each of the methods. Each method is accompanied by a review of the mathematical principles in which it is based, along with sample scripts, illustrative examples of characteristic problem solving, and exercises. MATLAB® is used throughout the text. This book provides a solid basis to practice writing your own codes. The theoretical formulation is complemented by sets of exercises, which allow you to grasp the essence of the modeling tools.

Since the invention of the laser, our fascination with the photon has led to one of the most dynamic and rapidly growing fields of technology. An explosion of new materials, devices, and applications makes it more important than ever to stay current with the latest advances. Surveying the field from fundamental concepts to state-of-the-art developments, Photonics: Principles and Practices builds a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of photonics from the basics of light waves to fiber optics and lasers. Providing self-contained coverage and using a consistent approach, the author leads you step-by-step through each topic. Each skillfully crafted chapter first explores the theoretical concepts of each topic and then demonstrates how these principles apply to real-world applications by guiding you through experimental cases illuminated with numerous illustrations. Coverage is divided into six broad sections, systematically working through light, optics, waves and diffraction, optical fibers, fiber optics testing, and laboratory safety. A complete glossary, useful appendices, and a thorough list of references round out the presentation. The text also includes a 16-page insert containing 28 full-color illustrations. Containing several topics presented for the first time in book form, Photonics: Principles and Practices is simply the most modern, comprehensive, and hands-on text in the field.

Covers modern photonics accessibly and discusses the basic physical principles underlying all the applications and technology of photonics. This volume covers the basic physical principles underlying the technology and all applications of photonics from statistical optics to quantum optics. The topics discussed in this volume are: Photons in perspective; Coherence and Statistical Optics; Complex Light and Singular Optics; Electrodynamics of Dielectric Media; Fast and slow Light; Holography; Multiphoton Processes; Optical Angular Momentum; Optical Forces, Trapping and Manipulation; Polarization States; Quantum Electrodynamics; Quantum Information and Computing; Quantum Optics; Resonance Energy Transfer; Surface Optics; Ultrafast Pulse Phenomena. Comprehensive and accessible coverage of the whole of modern photonics Emphasizes processes and applications that specifically exploit photon attributes of light Deals with the rapidly advancing area of modern optics Chapters are written by top scientists in their field Written for the graduate level student in physical sciences; Industrial and academic researchers in photonics, graduate students in the area; College lecturers, educators, policymakers, consultants, Scientific and technical libraries, government laboratories, NIH.

An introduction to photonics and lasers that does not rely oncomplex mathematics This book evolved from a series of courses developed by the authorand taught in the areas of lasers and photonics. This thoroughlyclassroom-tested work fills a unique need for students,instructors, and industry professionals in search of anintroductory-level book that covers a wide range of topics in theseareas. Comparable books tend to be aimed either too high or toolow, or they cover only a portion of the topics that are needed fora comprehensive treatment. Photonics and Lasers is divided into four parts: * Propagation of Light * Generation and Detection of Light * Laser Light * Light-Based Communication The author has ensured that complex mathematics does not become anobstacle to understanding key physical concepts. Physical argumentsand explanations are clearly set forth while, at the same time,sufficient mathematical detail is provided for a quantitativeunderstanding. As an additional aid to readers who are learning tothink symbolically, some equations are expressed in words as wellas symbols. Problem sets are provided throughout the book for readers to testtheir knowledge and grasp of key concepts. A solutions manual isalso available for instructors. Finally, the detailed bibliographyleads readers to in-depth explorations of particular topics. The book's topics, lasers and photonics, are often treatedseparately in other texts; however, the author skillfullydemonstrates their natural synergy. Because of the combinedcoverage, this text can be used for a two-semester course or aone-semester course emphasizing either lasers or photonics. This isa perfect introductory textbook for both undergraduate and graduatestudents, additionally serving as a practical reference forengineers in telecommunications, optics, and laser electronics.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose the concept of virtual ground tracking station for space missions. Based on microwave photonics, the virtual tracking station can realize spatial diversity, antenna arraying, dynamic resource allocation and distributed signal processing. Compared with conventional design, the flexibility, efficiency and performance can be significantly improved.

Deals with the fundamental properties of photon and light beams, both experimentally and theoretically. It covers the essentials of linear interactions and most of the nonlinear interactions between light and matter in both the transparent and absorbing cases. About 4000 references open access to original literature.

This book gives a fascinating picture of the state-of-the-art in silicon photonics and a perspective on what can be expected in the near future. It is composed of a selected number of reviews authored by world leaders in the field and is written from both academic and industrial viewpoints. An in-depth discussion of the route towards fully integrated silicon photonics is presented. This book will be useful not only to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers but also to graduate students who are interested in the fields of microphotonics and optoelectronics.

"The Handbook of Photonics third volume addresses photonics technology and application. It discusses communication networks, data buffers, defense and security applications, detectors, fiber optics and amplifiers, green photonics, instrumentation and metrology, interferometers, light-harvesting materials, logic devices, optical communications, remote sensing, solar energy, solid-state lighting, and wavelength conversion"--

"This book is structured in seven chapters. Chapter 1 discusses glass science and structures of inorganic glasses, which are commonly used for photonic devices, including oxide, fluoride, chalcogenide and mixed anion glasses. Chapter 2 covers the important thermal, viscosity and physical properties of glasses which, by nucleation and crystal growth processes can be engineered for photonic device applications. In Chapter 3, bulk glass fabrication using melting and casting and sol-gel techniques are discussed along with the fabrication principles of glass-ceramic materials, sol-gel formation and sol-gel based glass fabrication. Chapter 4 introduces the standard geometrical optics for fibre optics, Maxwell's equation for modal analysis and its importance in fibre and waveguide optics. It concludes with a detailed discussion on refractive index and its dependence on compositions, density, temperature and stress. The relationship of these properties in controlling bulk optical properties is especially emphasized. The main emphasis of Chapter 5 is on the methods of thin film fabrication using physical and chemical vapour deposition and on pulsed laser deposition including ion implantation techniques. Chapter 6 starts with the classical radiative transition theory based on dipole models, and then explains the concept of dipoles and electron-phonon coupling. Emphasizing various quantum mechanical rules, it then discusses the radiative, non-radiative, energy transfer and upconversion processes. Finally, chapter 7 covers the photonic device applications of inorganic glasses, fibres and waveguides and concludes with a short discussion on the emerging opportunities in future for inorganic glasses"--

This book explores up-to-date research trends and achievements on low-power and high-speed technologies in both electronics and optics. It offers unique insight into low-power and high-speed approaches ranging from devices, ICs, sub-systems and networks that can be exploited for future mobile devices, 5G networks, Internet of Things (IoT), and data centers. It collects heterogeneous topics in place to catch and predict future research directions of devices, circuits, subsystems, and networks for low-power and higher-speed technologies. Even it handles about artificial intelligence (AI) showing examples how AI technology can be combined with concurrent electronics. Written by top international experts in both industry and academia, the book discusses new devices, such as Si-on-chip laser, interconnections using graphenes, machine learning combined with CMOS technology, progresses of SiGe devices for higher-speed electronices for optic, co-design low-power and high-speed circuits for optical interconnect, low-power network-on-chip (NoC) router, X-ray quantum counting, and a design of low-power power amplifiers. Covers modern high-speed and low-power electronics and photonics. Discusses novel nano-devices, electronics & photonic sub-systems for high-speed and low-power systems, and many other emerging technologies like Si photonic technology, Si-on-chip laser, low-power driver for optic device, and network-on-chip router. Includes practical applications and recent results with respect to emerging low-power systems. Addresses the future perspective of silicon photonics as a low-power interconnections and communication applications.

This book sets out to build bridges between the domains of photonic device physics and neural networks, providing a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of "neuromorphic photonics." It includes a thorough discussion of evolution of neuromorphic photonics from the advent of fiber-optic neurons to today’s state-of-the-art integrated laser neurons, which are a current focus of international research. Neuromorphic Photonics explores candidate interconnection architectures and devices for integrated neuromorphic networks, along with key functionality such as learning. It is written at a level accessible to graduate students, while also intending to serve as a comprehensive reference for experts in the field.

Silicon photonics has evolved rapidly as a research topic with enormous application potential. The high refractive index contrast of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) shows great promise for submicron waveguide structures suited for integration on the chip scale in the near-infrared region. Ge- and GeSn-Si heterostructures with different elastic strain levels already provide expansion of the spectral range, high-speed operation, efficient modulation and switching of optical signals, and enhanced light emission and lasing. This book focuses on the integration of heterostructure devices with silicon photonics. The authors have attempted to merge a concise treatment of classical silicon photonics with a description of principles, prospects, challenges, and technical solution paths of adding silicon-based heterostructures. The book discusses the basics of heterostructure-based silicon photonics, system layouts, and key device components, keeping in mind the application background. Special focus is placed on SOI-based waveguide configurations and Ge- and GeSn-Si heterostructure devices for light detection, modulation, and light emission and lasing. The book also provides an overview of the technological and materials science challenges connected with integration on silicon. The first half of the book is mainly for readers who are interested in the topic because of its increasing importance in different fields, while the latter half covers different device structures for light emission, detection, modulation, extension of the wavelength beyond 1.6 μm, and lasing, as well as future challenges.

This volume aims is to illustrate the state-of-the-art as well as the newest and latest applications of photonics in safety and security. The contributions from renowned and experienced Italian and international scientists, both from the academic and industrial community, present a multidisciplinary and comprehensive overview of this popular topic. The volume is self-contained and offers a broad survey of the various emerging technologies, as well as their applications in the real world. It spans from applications in cultural heritage, to environment, space, monitoring of coasts, quantum cryptography, food industry, medicine and forensic investigations. Photonics for Safety and Security provides an essential source of reference for a very wide readership, including physicists, chemists, engineers, academics and students who wish to have a complete review of the subject. The topics are carefully defined and widely illustrated so as to capture the attention of neophytes who need to go further into the topic and explore the research literature. Contents:What is Photonics? (B Culshaw)Structural Health Monitoring in Buildings, Bridges and Civil Engineering (A Martone, M Zarrelli, M Giordano and J M López-Higuera)Remote Sensing Monitoring (D Riccio)Photonic Technologies for the Safeguarding of Cultural Assets (C Cucci and V Tornari)Raman Based Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensors: Industrial Applications and Future Developments (F Di Pasquale, M A Soto and G Bolognini)Photonics for Detection of Chemicals, Drugs and Explosives (A Garibbo and A Palucci)Resonant Hydrophones Based on Coated Fiber Bragg Gratings for Underwater Monitoring (G Quero, A Crescitelli, M Consales, M Pisco, A Cutolo, V Galdi, A Cusano and A Iadicicco)Laser Remote Sensing for Environmental Applications (A Boselli, G Pisani, N Spinelli and X Wang)Non Invasive Techniques for the Diagnosis of Aerospace Devices (F De Filippis, L Savino, A Cipullo and E Marenna)Night Vision (C Corsi)Quantum Cryptography: A Novel Approach to Communication Security (A Porzio)Metamaterials and the Mathematical Science of Invisibility (A Diatta, S Guenneau, A Nicolet and F Zolla)Led Illumination: Illuminotechnical, Optical, Metrological and Safety Issues (F Docchio, L Fumagalli, G Libretti and P Tomassini)Fiber Optic Sensor Technology for Oil and Gas Applications (M Eriksrud and J T Kringlebotn)Photonic Sensors for Food Quality and Safety Assessment (A G Mignani and R Prugger)Optical Biosensing in Medical and Clinical Diagnostics (F Baldini, A Giannetti, S Tombelli and C Trono)Photonics for Forensic Applications (A Tajani)Future Trends (M Varasi) Readership: Graduates and researchers in the area of photonic sensing devoted to health, environment and homeland security monitoring. Keywords:Photonics;Security;Safety;Monitoring;Sensors;Fibers;Diagnostics;Quantum CryptographyKey Features:Multidisciplinary approach to the topic from international contributorsBroad, extended fields of application of a popular and up-to-date topic

Silicon photonics uses chip-making techniques to fabricate photonic circuits. The emerging technology is coming to market at a time of momentous change. The need of the Internet content providers to keep scaling their data centers is becoming increasing challenging, the chip industry is facing a future without Moore’s law, while telcos must contend with a looming capacity crunch due to continual traffic growth. Each of these developments is significant in its own right. Collectively, they require new thinking in the design of chips, optical components, and systems. Such change also signals new business opportunities and disruption. Notwithstanding challenges, silicon photonics’ emergence is timely because it is the future of several industries. For the optical industry, the technology will allow designs to be tackled in new ways. For the chip industry, silicon photonics will become the way of scaling post-Moore’s law. New system architectures enabled by silicon photonics will improve large-scale computing and optical communications. Silicon Photonics: Fueling the Next Information Revolution outlines the history and status of silicon photonics. The book discusses the trends driving the datacom and telecom industries, the main but not the only markets for silicon photonics. In particular, developments in optical transport and the data center are discussed as are the challenges. The book details the many roles silicon photonics will play, from wide area networks down to the chip level. Silicon photonics is set to change the optical components and chip industries; this book explains how. Captures the latest research assessing silicon photonics development and prospects Demonstrates how silicon photonics addresses the challenges of managing bandwidth over distance and within systems Explores potential applications of SiP, including servers, datacenters, and Internet of Things

Fundamentals of Photonics: A complete, thoroughly updated, full-color second edition Now in a new full-color edition, Fundamentals of Photonics, Second Edition is a self-contained and up-to-date introductory-level textbook that thoroughly surveys this rapidly expanding area of engineering and applied physics. Featuring a logical blend of theory and applications, coverage includes detailed accounts of the primary theories of light, including ray optics, wave optics, electromagnetic optics, and photon optics, as well as the interaction of photons and atoms, and semiconductor optics. Presented at increasing levels of complexity, preliminary sections build toward more advanced topics, such as Fourier optics and holography, guided-wave and fiber optics, semiconductor sources and detectors, electro-optic and acousto-optic devices, nonlinear optical devices, optical interconnects and switches, and optical fiber communications. Each of the twenty-two chapters of the first edition has been thoroughly updated. The Second Edition also features entirely new chapters on photonic-crystal optics (including multilayer and periodic media, waveguides, holey fibers, and resonators) and ultrafast optics (including femtosecond optical pulses, ultrafast nonlinear optics, and optical solitons). The chapters on optical interconnects and switches and optical fiber communications have been completely rewritten to accommodate current technology. Each chapter contains summaries, highlighted equations, exercises, problems, and selected reading lists. Examples of real systems are included to emphasize the concepts governing applications of current interest.

The development of integrated silicon photonic circuits has recently been driven by the Internet and the push for high bandwidth as well as the need to reduce power dissipation induced by high data-rate signal transmission. To reach these goals, efficient passive and active silicon photonic devices, including waveguide, modulators, photodetectors,

Deals with both the ultrashort laser-pulse technology in the few- to mono-cycle region and the laser-surface-controlled scanning-tunneling microscopy (STM) extending into the spatiotemporal extreme technology. The former covers the theory of nonlinear pulse propagation beyond the slowly-varing-envelope approximation, the generation and active chirp compensation of ultrabroadband optical pulses, the amplitude and phase characterization of few- to mono-cycle pulses, and the feedback field control for the mono-cycle-like pulse generation. In addition, the wavelength-multiplex shaping of ultrabroadband pulses, and the carrier-phase measurement and control of few-cycle pulses are described. The latter covers the CW-laser-excitation STM, the femtosecond-time-resolved STM and atomic-level surface phenomena controlled by femtosecond pulses.