Spinal Interneurons

Spinal Interneurons: Plasticity after Spinal Cord Injury provides neuroscientists, clinicians and trainees a reference book exclusively concentrating on spinal interneurons and the techniques and experiments employed to identify and study these cells as part of normal, diseased and injured neural circuits. In addition, the book highlights the therapeutic potential of these cells by presenting relevant pre-clinical and clinical work that has been performed. The book's focus on the latest in therapeutic strategies for targeting spinal interneurons, considerations for the development and use of treatments, and how such treatments work make this a comprehensive source of information. Provides a comprehensive overview of the techniques used to identify, characterize and classify spinal interneurons and their role in neural circuits Presents an in-depth discussion of the therapeutic potential of spinal interneurons for SCI injury and/or disease Represents the first book to discuss spinal interneurons and translational research

This volume addresses issues about how the central nervous system controls movement.

Providing clear, well-illustrated descriptions of brain structures in light of their functions, this cohesive and well-established textbook fosters understanding of the intimate relationship between the structure and function of the nervous system. Its focus on the integration of basic sciences with their clinical applications makes the book particularly well-suited for medical students needing knowledge of neuroscience as a basis for clinical thinking. For the third edition, two new chapters have been added on the vestibular system and control of eye movements, and all other chapters have been thoroughly revised.

Autonomic dysfunction is a major and poorly understood consequence of spinal cord injury. It is a cause of very serious disability and requires much more research. It should be a focus of treatment strategies. This book will be of interest to anyone involved in research and treatment of spinal cord injury since it helps to explain the tremendously negative impact on the body caused by cord injury that is not as obvious as paralysis and loss of sensation. It contains a compilation of what is known about bladder, cardiovascular, bowel and sexual dysfunction after spinal cord injury, as it relates to the changes within the autonomic nervous system control of these functions. The book begins with a description of the time course of autonomic dysfunctions and their ramifications from the first hours after a spinal cord injury to the more stable chronic states. The next section contains three chapters that address anatomical findings that may provide some of the foundation for autonomic dysfunctions in many of the systems. The system-specific chapters then follow in four sections. Each section begins with a chapter or two defining the clinical problems experienced by people with cord injury. The following chapters present research, basic and clinical, that address the autonomic dysfunctions.

With over 300 training programs in neuroscience currently in existence, demand is great for a comprehensive textbook that both introduces graduate students to the full range of neuroscience, from molecular biology to clinical science, but also assists instructors in offering an in-depth course in neuroscience to advanced undergraduates. The second edition of Fundamental Neuroscience accomplishes all this and more. The thoroughly revised text features over 25% new material including completely new chapters, illustrations, and a CD-ROM containing all the figures from the text. More concise and manageable than the previous edition, this book has been retooled to better serve its audience in the neuroscience and medical communities. Key Features * Logically organized into 7 sections, with uniform editing of the content for a "one-voice" feel throughout all 54 chapters * Includes numerous text boxes with concise, detailed descriptions of specific experiments, disorders, methodological approaches, and concepts * Well-illustrated with over 850 full color figures, also included on the accompanying CD-ROM

This one-of-a-kind text describes the specific anatomy and neuromusculoskeletal relationships of the human spine, with special emphasis on structures affected by manual spinal techniques. A comprehensive review of the literature explores current research of spinal anatomy and neuroanatomy, bringing practical applications to basic science. A full chapter on surface anatomy includes tables for identifying vertebral levels of deeper anatomic structures, designed to assist with physical diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of the spine, as well as evaluation of MRI and CT scans. High-quality, full-color illustrations show fine anatomic detail. Red lines in the margins draw attention to items of clinical relevance, clearly relating anatomy to clinical care. Spinal dissection photographs, as well as MRIs and CTs, reinforce important anatomy concepts in a clinical context. Revisions to all chapters reflect an extensive review of current literature. New chapter on the pediatric spine discusses the unique anatomic changes that take place in the spine from birth through adulthood, as well as important clinical ramifications. Over 170 additional illustrations and photos enhance and support the new information covered in this edition.

Traumatic injuries of the spinal cord continue to be the most common cause of permanent paralysis in young adults in the United States. New information has emerged on the response of spinal neurons to injury of either the spinal cord or peripheral nerves demonstrating that dendrites of injured motoneurons take on characteristics of axons. These and other new developments have helped to promote an exciting new era in the study of spinal cord neurobiology. Motor Neurobiology of the Spinal Cord provides a description of the recent conceptual and technical advances in the field. It provides a description of the new experimental tools available for investigating the neuronal properties that allow populations of spinal cord neurons to control muscles responsible for limb movements and posture. It covers topics ranging from genetics to kinematics and examines cells, tissues, or whole animals in species ranging from fish to humans that are normal, injured, or diseased. By integrating data derived from many new approaches, you'll learn about how spinal cord circuits operate under a variety conditions and about new and exciting inroads being made in motor neurobiology of the spinal cord. Motor Neurobiology of the Spinal Cord elucidates concepts and principles relevant to function and structure throughout the nervous system and presents information about changes induced by injury and disease.

This new edition is a comprehensive guide to the anatomy of the nervous system, for undergraduate medical students. Beginning with a general introduction to neuroanatomy, the following chapters each cover a different section, from the spinal cord, brainstem and cranial nerves, to the limbic system, autonomous nervous system, and much more. Each chapter features key learning objectives, clinical anatomy, and short notes, as well as multiple choice questions for self-assessment. Anatomical aspects of neurological conditions are illustrated in colour boxes and clinical cases have been added to each topic. The text is highly illustrated with clinical images including high resolution brain specimen photographs. Key points Fully revised, new edition providing undergraduates with a comprehensive guide to neuroanatomy Each chapter includes multiple choice questions for self-assessment Features high resolution brain specimen photographs Previous edition (9789350905296) published in 2014

This one-of-a-kind text describes the specific anatomy and neuromusculoskeletal relationships of the human spine, with special emphasis on structures affected by manual spinal techniques. A comprehensive review of the literature explores current research of spinal anatomy and neuroanatomy, bringing practical applications to basic science. A full chapter on surface anatomy includes tables for identifying vertebral levels of deeper anatomic structures, designed to assist with physical diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of the spine, as well as evaluation of MRI and CT scans. High-quality, full-color illustrations show fine anatomic detail. Red lines in the margins draw attention to items of clinical relevance, clearly relating anatomy to clinical care. Spinal dissection photographs, as well as MRIs and CTs, reinforce important anatomy concepts in a clinical context. Revisions to all chapters reflect an extensive review of current literature. New chapter on the pediatric spine discusses the unique anatomic changes that take place in the spine from birth through adulthood, as well as important clinical ramifications. Over 170 additional illustrations and photos enhance and support the new information covered in this edition.

Neural Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Regulation responds to current questions about how neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems regulate the cardiovascular system. It includes a series of thoughtful reviews that are intended to provoke and illuminate the reader, with the intention of revealing some of the ideas that current practitioners in the field of cardiovascular research are using to generate their current studies.

Central autonomic circuits in the brain and spinal cord are essential to vertebrate life because they are involved in controlling all basic bodily functions, including blood pressure, feeding, body temperature regulation voiding and reproduction. This wide-ranging text emphasizes the extraordinary advances that have been made over the last 20 years in understanding how the central nervous system controls autonomic functions.

Recent advances in the neurophysiology of the spinal cord, due largely to the use of microelectrodes, have increased the demand for a detailed knowledge of its minute anatomy, including the exact sites and mode of termination of the various contingents of afferent fibres to the spinal grey matter, among them the descending supraspinal fibre systems. Anatomical data of this kind are indispensable for functional interpretations and for the analysis of the structural and functional organization of the spinal cord. The observation of REXED (1952, 1954) that the grey matter of the feline spinal cord may be subdivided on a cytoarchitectonic basis into ten different laminae, presumably representing, at least in part, functionally different regions, should serve as a stimulus to attempt more precise analysis of the intrinsic organi zation of the spinal cord. Furthermore REXED'S laminae provide a common basis of reference of the sites of termination of afferent fibre systems to the spinal grey matter and the localization of single units recorded from in neurophysiological experiments, and thus promise useful correlations between anatomical and physiological observations and their functional interpretations.

The Leitmotiv of the Second Convention of the Academia Eurasiana Neurochirurgica was "Cerebrum convalescit" - literally "the brain recovers". The focus of the meeting was on plasticity of the central nervous system, one of the most decisive factors in recovery and readaption after cerebral lesions. Distinguished experts from the fields of neurosurgery, neurology, neurophysiology, anatomy, pathology, oncology, and pharmacology discussed the following topics: - Molecular and cellular basis of plasticity - Regeneration and growth in the CNS - Self-organization of neuronal network - Brain oedema - a reparatory process? - Growth factors and carcinogenesis

Use your knowledge of the nervous system to understand and treat neurologic disorders! Neuroscience: Fundamentals for Rehabilitation, 6th Edition provides an illustrated guide to neurology and how it affects the practice of physical and occupational therapy. Case studies and first-person stories from people with neurologic disorders make it easier to develop clinical reasoning skills and apply your knowledge to the clinical setting. This edition includes an enhanced eBook free with each purchase of a new print book. Written by noted PT educator Laurie Lundy-Ekman, Neuroscience uses evidence-based research to help you evaluate and treat clients who have physical limitations due to nervous system damage or disease. Logical, systems approach to neuroscience makes it easier to master complex information and provides a framework for conducting a neurologic examination and evaluation. Clinical perspective of neuroscience is provided through case studies, personal stories written by people with neurologic disorders, and summaries of key features of neurologic disorders and the body systems they affect. Six sections — Overview of Neurology, Neuroscience at the Cellular Level, Development of the Nervous System, Vertical Systems, Regions, and Neurologic Tests — first show how neural cells operate, and then allow you to apply your knowledge of neuroscience. Coverage of key physical rehabilitation topics includes abnormal muscle tone, chronic pain, control of movement, and differential diagnosis of dizziness. Hundreds of color-coded illustrations show body structures and functions across systems. Full-color atlas includes photographs of the human brain along with labeled line drawings. Clinical Notes case studies demonstrate how neuroscience concepts may be applied to clinical situations. Pathology boxes provide a quick summary of the features of neurologic disorders commonly encountered in rehabilitation practice. NEW! Quick Reference Lists on the inside book covers make it easy to find frequently consulted figures, reflexes, tables, and summaries within the text. NEW! Updated chapters include Pain as a Disease and as a Symptom, Motor System: Upper Motor Neurons, Motor and Psychologic Functions, Brainstem Region, and Neurologic Tests. NEW! 85 new or updated figures are added to this edition. NEW! Nearly 600 new references are added to this edition. NEW! Enhanced eBook version – included with print purchase – allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. NEW! Answers to the book’s case studies and a student workbook with approximately 1,000 practice questions and answers are included in the eBook.

Continuing progress has been made in understanding the brain at the molecular, anatomic, and physiological levels in the years following the "Decade of the Brain," with the results providing insight into the underlying basis of many neurological disease processes. In Neuroscience in Medicine, Third Edition, a distinguished panel of basic and clinical investigators, noted for their teaching excellence, provide thoroughly updated and revised chapters to reflect these remarkable advances. Designed specifically for medical students and allied health professionals, this up-to-date edition alternates scientific and clinical chapters that explain the basic science underlying neurological processes and then relate that science to the understanding of neurological disorders and their treatment. These popular and now expanded "clinical correlations" cover, in detail, disorders of the spinal cord, neuronal migration, the autonomic nervous system, the limbic system, ocular motility, and the basal ganglia, as well as demyelinating disorders, stroke, dementia and abnormalities of cognition, congenital chromosomal and genetic abnormalities, Parkinson's disease, nerve trauma, peripheral neuropathy, aphasias, sleep disorders and myasthenia gravis. In addition to concise summaries of the most recent biochemical, physiological, anatomical, and behavioral advances, the chapters summarize current findings on neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis at the molecular level. Authoritative and comprehensive, Neuroscience in Medicine, Third Edition provides a fully up-to-date and readily accessible guide to brain functions at the cellular and molecular level, as well as clearly demonstrating their emerging diagnostic and therapeutic importance.