Personalized And Stratified Therapy In Epilepsy

Personalized Treatment in Epilepsy highlights the individualized- and subgroup-based approaches in diagnosing, treating, and monitoring epilepsy. Whereas the term 'personalized medicine' is used to describe the focus on individual patients, 'stratified medicine' refers to the definition of population subgroups based on estimates of their differences in the etiology and prognosis of epilepsy, or response to treatment. The book describes the various aspects of personalized and stratified approaches in epilepsy, the potential of these approaches to improve the cost-effectiveness of epilepsy treatment, and barriers to their implementation. The book assists clinicians in rationally choosing the required diagnostic and treatment means for their patients, out of the abundance of available technologies and products. By doing so, they will provide better care, mitigating adverse events, expediting the reach of effective treatment, and reducing costs. The target audience is anyone involved in developing and delivering diagnostic means and treatment for people with epilepsy, including epileptologists, other neurologists, neurosurgeons, pharmacists, nurses, technicians, geneticists, researchers Comprehensively describes individualized and stratified treatment approaches in epilepsy Assists clinicians with rationally choosing the required diagnostic and treatment means for their patients Diagnosis, drugs, non-pharmacological treatments, and future research are all discussed in depth

This book is for personalized medicine as a prescription of specific treatments and therapeutics best suited for an individual and considers genetic as well as environmental factors that influence responses to therapy. Best approaches are described for integration of all available technologies for optimizing the therapy of individual patients. This comprehensive third edition covers the latest advances in personalized medicine and several chapters are devoted to various specialties, particulary cancer which is the largest area of application. The book discusses the development of personalized medicine and various players in it such as companies, academic institutions, the government, and the public as the consumer of healthcare. Additionally, the roles of bioinformatics, electronic health records, and digital technologies for personalized medicine are discussed. Textbook of Personalized Medicine, 3rd Edition serves as a convenient source of information for students at many levels and in a wide range of fields, including physicians, scientists, and decision makers in the biopharmaceutical and healthcare industries.

Epilepsy is one of most frequent neurological disorders affecting about 50 million people worldwide and 50% of them have at least another medical problem in comorbidity; sometimes this is a the cause of the epilepsy itself or it is due to shared neurobiological links between epilepsy and other medical conditions; other times it is a long-term consequence of the antiepileptic drug treatment. The Comorbidities of Epilepsy offers an up-to-date, comprehensive overview of all comorbidities of epilepsy (somatic, neurological and behavioral), by international authorities in the field of clinical epileptology, with an emphasis on epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. This book includes also a critical appraisal of the methodological aspects and limitations of current research on this field. Pharmacological issues in the management of comorbidities are discussed, providing information on drug dosages, side effects and interactions, in order to enable the reader to manage these patients safely. The Comorbidities of Epilepsy is aimed at all health professionals dealing with people with epilepsy including neurologists, epileptologists, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, epilepsy specialist nurses and clinical researchers. Provides a comprehensive overview of somatic, neurological and behavioral co-morbidities of epilepsy Discusses up-to-date management of comorbidities of epilepsy Written by a group of international experts in the field

This two-volume set — winner of a 2013 Highly Commended BMA Medical Book Award for Medicine — provides an in-depth look at one of the most promising avenues for advances in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of human disease. The inclusion of the latest information on diagnostic testing, population screening, predicting disease susceptibility, pharmacogenomics and more presents this book as an essential tool for both students and specialists across many biological and medical disciplines, including human genetics and genomics, oncology, neuroscience, cardiology, infectious disease, molecular medicine, and biomedical science, as well as health policy disciplines focusing on ethical, legal, regulatory and economic aspects of genomics and medicine. Volume One Includes: Principles, Methodology and Translational Approaches, takes readers on the journey from principles of human genomics to technology, informatic and computational platforms for genomic medicine, as well as strategies for translating genomic discoveries into advances in personalized clinical care. Volume Two Includes: Genome Discoveries and Clinical Applications presents the latest developments in disease-based genomic and personalized medicine. With chapters dedicated to cardiovascular disease, oncology, inflammatory disease, metabolic disease, neuropsychiatric disease, and infectious disease, this work provides the most comprehensive guide to the principles and practice of genomic and personalized medicine. Highly Commended 2013 BMA Medical Book Award for Medicine Contributions from leaders in the field provide unparalleled insight into current technologies and applications in clinical medicine. Full colour throughout enhances the utility of this work as the only available comprehensive reference for genomic and personalized medicine. Discusses scientific foundations and practical applications of new discoveries, as well as ethical, legal/regulatory, and social issues related to the practice of genomic medicine.

Most neurological disorders are chronic and aging-related. With the increase of life expectancy their incidence and prevalence will grow in the decades to come, which in turn will increase the load on medical and social systems worldwide. There is thus a desperate need for successful preventive and therapeutic measures based on randomized clinical trials (RTCs) conducted by independent organizations. This book provides a compendium relating most of the principles of reliable RTCs to specific neurological diseases. Contributed by specialized neurologists, the articles touch on important aspects of RCTs with a clear critical approach, highlighting their limitations as well as giving recommendations for their planning and conducting to address the variable genotypic and phenotypic aspects of neurological conditions. Consideration is also given to combining the clinical impact of the study results with patients’ values and the interests of pharmaceutical companies. Neurologists involved in clinical trials will certainly benefit from this book, which should become a basic text for all neurological courses dealing with evidence-based neurology.

Derived from the comprehensive two-volume set, Genomic and Personalized Medicine also edited by Drs. Willard and Ginsburg, this work serves the needs of the evolving population of scientists, researchers, practitioners and students that are embracing one of the most promising avenues for advances in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of human disease. From principles, methodology and translational approaches to genome discoveries and clinical applications, Essentials of Genomic and Personalized Medicine will be a valuable resource for various professionals and students across medical disciplines, including human genetics and genomics, oncology, neuroscience, gene therapy, molecular medicine, pharmacology, and biomedical sciences. Updates with regard to diagnostic testing, pharmacogenetics, predicting disease susceptibility, and other important research components as well as chapters dedicated to cardiovascular disease, oncology, inflammatory disease, metabolic disease, neuropsychiatric disease, and infectious disease, present this book as an essential tool for a variety of professionals and students who are endeavouring into the developing the diverse and practical field of genomic and personalized medicine. * Full color throughout * Includes contributions on genetic counselling, ethical, legal/regulatory, and social issues related to the practice of genomic medicine from leaders in the field * Introductory chapter highlights differences between personalized and traditional medicine, promising areas of current research, and challenges to incorporate the latest research discoveries and practice * Ancillary material includes case studies and lab questions which highlight the collaborative approach to the science

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health problem in the United States. The estimated 12-month and lifetime prevalence values for AUD are 13.9% and 29.1%, respectively, with approximately half of individuals with lifetime AUD having a severe disorder. AUD and its sequelae also account for significant excess mortality and cost the United States more than $200 billion annually. Despite its high prevalence and numerous negative consequences, AUD remains undertreated. In fact, fewer than 1 in 10 individuals in the United States with a 12-month diagnosis of AUD receive any treatment. Nevertheless, effective and evidence-based interventions are available, and treatment is associated with reductions in the risk of relapse and AUD-associated mortality. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder seeks to reduce these substantial psychosocial and public health consequences of AUD for millions of affected individuals. The guideline focuses specifically on evidence-based pharmacological treatments for AUD in outpatient settings and includes additional information on assessment and treatment planning, which are an integral part of using pharmacotherapy to treat AUD. In addition to reviewing the available evidence on the use of AUD pharmacotherapy, the guideline offers clear, concise, and actionable recommendation statements, each of which is given a rating that reflects the level of confidence that potential benefits of an intervention outweigh potential harms. The guideline provides guidance on implementing these recommendations into clinical practice, with the goal of improving quality of care and treatment outcomes of AUD.

Before now, biological systems could only be expressed in terms of linear relationships, however, as knowledge grows and new techniques of analysis on biological systems is made available, we are realizing the non-linearity of these systems. The concepts and techniques of nonlinear analysis allow for more realistic and accurate models in science. The Future of Pharmaceuticals: A Nonlinear Analysis provides an opportunity to understand the non-linearity of biological systems and its application in various areas of science, primarily pharmaceutical sciences. This book will benefit professionals in pharmaceutical industries, academia, and policy who are interested in an entirely new approach to how we will treat disease in the future. Key Features: Addresses a new approach of nonlinear analysis. Applies a theory of projection to chalk out the future, instead of basing on linear evolution. Provides an opportunity to better understand the non-linearity in biological systems and its applications in various areas of science, primarily pharmaceutical sciences. Helps change the thought process for those looking for answers to their questions which they do not find in the linear relationship approach. Encourages a broader perspective for the creative process of drug development.

This two-volume set provides an in-depth look at one of the most promising avenues for advances in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of human disease. The inclusion of the latest information on diagnostic testing, population screening, predicting disease susceptibility, pharmacogenomics and more presents this book as an essential tool for both students and specialists across many biological and medical disciplines, including human genetics and genomics, oncology, neuroscience, cardiology, infectious disease, molecular medicine, and biomedical science, as well as health policy disciplines focusing on ethical, legal, regulatory and economic aspects of genomics and medicine. Volume One Includes: Principles, Methodology and Translational Approaches, takes readers on the journey from principles of human genomics to technology, informatic and computational platforms for genomic medicine, as well as strategies for translating genomic discoveries into advances in personalized clinical care. Volume Two Includes: Genome Discoveries and Clinical Applications presents the latest developments in disease-based genomic and personalized medicine. With chapters dedicated to cardiovascular disease, oncology, inflammatory disease, metabolic disease, neuropsychiatric disease, and infectious disease, this work provides the most comprehensive guide to the principles and practice of genomic and personalized medicine. * Contributions from leaders in the field provide unparalleled insight into current technologies and applications in clinical medicine. * Full colour throughout enhances the utility of this work as the only available comprehensive reference for genomic and personalized medicine. * Discusses scientific foundations and practical applications of new discoveries, as well as ethical, legal/regulatory, and social issues related to the practice of genomic medicine.

This book is unique in covering a wide range of design and analysis issues in genetic studies of rare variants, taking advantage of collaboration of the editors with many experts in the field through large-scale international consortia including the UK10K Project, GO-T2D and T2D-GENES. Chapters provide details of state-of-the-art methodology for rare variant detection and calling, imputation and analysis in samples of unrelated individuals and families. The book also covers analytical issues associated with the study of rare variants, such as the impact of fine-scale population structure, and with combining information on rare variants across studies in a meta-analysis framework. Genetic association studies have in the last few years substantially enhanced our understanding of factors underlying traits of high medical importance, such as body mass index, lipid levels, blood pressure and many others. There is growing empirical evidence that low-frequency and rare variants play an important role in complex human phenotypes. This book covers multiple aspects of study design, analysis and interpretation for complex trait studies focusing on rare sequence variation. In many areas of genomic research, including complex trait association studies, technology is in danger of outstripping our capacity to analyse and interpret the vast amounts of data generated. The field of statistical genetics in the whole-genome sequencing era is still in its infancy, but powerful methods to analyse the aggregation of low-frequency and rare variants are now starting to emerge. The chapter Functional Annotation of Rare Genetic Variants is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This trusted, three-volume resource covers the full scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery with up-to-date, evidence-based coverage of surgical procedures performed today. NEW! Full color design provides a more vivid depiction of pathologies, concepts, and procedures. NEW! Expert Consult website includes all of the chapters from the print text plus "classic" online-only chapters and an expanded image collection, references linked to PubMed, and periodic content updates. NEW! Thoroughly revised and reorganized content reflects current information and advances in OMS. NEW! New chapters on implants and orthognathic surgery cover the two areas where oral and maxillofacial surgeons have been expanding their practice. NEW! Digital formats are offered in addition to the traditional print text and provide on-the-go access via mobile tablets and smart phones.

Epilepsy in pregnancy poses a serious threat to the mother and to her developing child. Even in previously well-controlled epilepsy, physiological changes in the mother during pregnancy and also during labour and delivery can alter the pharmacokinetic drug (AED) therapy causing increased seizure frequency.

Precision Medicine and Artificial Intelligence: The Perfect Fit for Autoimmunity covers background on AI, its link to PM, and examples of AI in healthcare, especially autoimmunity. The book highlights future perspectives and potential directions as artificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant attention in the past decade. Autoimmune diseases are complex and heterogeneous conditions, but exciting new developments and implementation tactics surrounding automated systems has enabled the generation of large amounts of data, making autoimmunity an ideal target for AI in the field of Precision Medicine (PM). More and more diagnostic products utilize AI, which is also starting to be supported by regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Knowledge generation by leveraging large data sets including demographic, environmental, clinical and biomarker data has the potential to not only impact the diagnosis of patients, but also disease prediction, prognosis and treatment options. Allows the readers to get a good overview of the field of Precision Medicine for autoimmune diseases and Artificial Intelligence Provides background, milestone and examples of precision medicine for autoimmune disease and artificial intelligence Proves the paradigm shift towards precision medicine driven by value-based systems Discusses future applications of precision medicine research using artificial intelligence

Translational Medicine in CNS Drug Development, Volume 29, is the first book of its kind to offer a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in translational medicine and biomarker techniques. With extensive coverage on all aspects of biomarkers and personalized medicine, and numerous chapters devoted to the best strategies for developing drugs that target specific disorders, this book presents an essential reference for researchers in neuroscience and pharmacology who need the most up-to-date techniques for the successful development of drugs to treat central nervous system disorders. Despite increases in the number of individuals suffering from CNS-related disorders, the development and approval of drugs for their treatment have been hampered by inefficiencies in advancing compounds from preclinical discovery to the clinic. However, in the past decades, game-changing strides have been made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of CNS disorders and the relationship of drug exposure in plasma and CNS to pharmacodynamic measures in both animals and humans. Includes comprehensive coverage of biomarker tools and the role of personalized medicine in CNS drug development Discusses strategies for drug development for a full range of CNS indications, with particular attention to neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive disorders Includes chapters written by international experts from industry and academia

Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) covers this highly efficacious treatment option for movement disorders such as Parkinson’s Disease, Essential Tremor and Dystonia. The book examines its impact on distributed brain networks that span across the human brain in parallel with modern-day neuroimaging concepts and the connectomics of the brain. It asks several questions, including which cortical areas should DBS electrodes be connected in order to generate the highest possible clinical improvement? Which connections should be avoided? Could these connectomic insights be used to better understand the mechanism of action of DBS? How can they be transferred to individual patients, and more. This book is suitable for neuroscientists, neurologists and functional surgeons studying DBS. It provides practical advice on processing strategies and theoretical background, highlighting and reviewing the current state-of-the-art in connectomic surgery. Written to provide a "hands-on" approach for neuroscience graduate students, as well as medical personnel from the fields of neurology and neurosurgery Includes preprocessing strategies (such as co-registration, normalization, lead localization, VTA estimation and fiber-tracking approaches) Presents references (key articles, books and protocols) for additional detailed study Provides data analysis boxes in each chapter to help with data interpretation

The enormous advances in nanomedicine and precision medicine in the past two decades necessitated this comprehensive reference, which can be relied upon by researchers, clinicians, pharmaceutical scientists, regulators, policymakers, and lawyers alike. This standalone, full-color resource broadly surveys innovative technologies and advances pertaining to nanomedicine and precision medicine. In addition, it addresses often-neglected yet crucial areas such as translational medicine, intellectual property law, ethics, policy, FDA regulatory issues, nano-nomenclature, and artificial nano-machines—all accomplished in a user-friendly, broad yet interconnected format. The book is essential reading for the novice and the expert alike in diverse fields such as medicine, law, pharmacy, genomics, biomedical sciences, ethics, and regulatory science. The book’s multidisciplinary approach will attract a global audience and serve as a valuable reference resource for industry, academia, and government.

As our ability to acquire massive amounts of information about genome variation accelerates it is becoming increasingly clear that to make maximum use of this information we also need well-structured, systematic data on the phenotypic consequences of genomic changes. Phenomics is the new discipline of using standardized measurement techniques to characterize the phenotypic effects of random or systematic genome modifications (for example randomly generated mutations or systematic gene knockouts). This approach is now being used in an increasing range of species and systems. In this book, experts working in phenomics in most of the major species and systems that are currently being studied present overviews of the field from their different, but overlapping perspectives.

This book offers comprehensive coverage of the various aspects of personalized medicine as an original approach to classifying, understanding, treating and preventing disease based on individual biological differences. In the introductory section, it defines personalized medicine as a way toward new medical practices and addresses the question: What can personalized medicine offer citizens, medical professionals, reimbursement bodies and stakeholders? Subsequent chapters discuss the technological aspects of personalized medicine: data collection, comprehensive integration and handling of data, together with key enabling factors in developing the requisite technological support for personalized medicine. Lastly, the book explores the main issues shaping the implementation and development of personalized medicine – education, stakeholder participation, infrastructure, a new approach to the classification of disease and medical tests, regulatory frameworks, and new reimbursement models – together with ethical, legal and social issues. Ultimately, the book calls for interdisciplinarity and a radical change in the way we approach the health and wellbeing of individuals. Target groups are medical doctors and researchers in the field of biomedicine, as well as experts from the social sciences dealing with legal, economic and social aspects of health system issues in general. Though the book will primarily benefit these groups of professional experts, its content will also appeal to a far wider readership, as it deals with a paradigm shift in one of society’s main pillars – the health system.