Microgrids And Methods Of Analysis

The increasing penetration of distributed energy resource (DER), distributed generation (DG) and energy storage system (ESS) units in distribution grids leads to the emergence of the concepts of active distribution networks (ADNs), microgrids, and virtual power plants. Nowadays, the use of electronically-coupled distributed energy resources is of great interest that can provide the power of demand side alone or in a small electricity grid. A microgrid is a small-scale power grid in low voltage network that must be able to locally solve energy issues and enhance the flexibility and can operate either in grid-connected or islanded/autonomous mode of operation. To study them, researchers need an appropriate set of methods, software tools, analogous to those exist for large interconnected power systems. The book Microgrids and Methods of Analysis addresses systematic analysis, control/protection systems design, and optimal operation of a distribution system under high penetration of DERs analogous to those that exist for large interconnected power systems. Provides professional guidlines for system planners Explores further research, development, and optimization of existing and new microgrids Addresses analytical methods used for microgrid analysis using advanced research

Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: Integration, Challenges and Optimization unifies classically unconnected aspects of microgrids by considering them alongside economic analysis and stability testing. In addition, the book presents well-founded mathematical analyses on how to technically and economically optimize microgrids via distributed energy resource integration. Researchers and engineers in the power and energy sector will find this information useful for combined scientific and economical approaches to microgrid integration. Specific sections cover microgrid performance, including key technical elements, such as control design, stability analysis, power quality, reliability and resiliency in microgrid operation. Addresses the challenges related to the integration of renewable energy resources Includes examples of control algorithms adopted during integration Presents detailed methods of optimization to enhance successful integration

Microgrids: Modeling, Control, and Applications presents a systematic elaboration of different types of microgrids, with a particular focus on new trends and applications. The book includes sections on AC, DC and hybrid AC/DC microgrids and reflects state-of-the-art developments, covering theory, algorithms, simulations, error and uncertainty analysis, as well as novel applications of new control techniques. Offering a valuable resource for students and researchers working on the integration of renewable energy with existing grid and control of microgrids, this book combines recent advances and ongoing research into a single informative resource. The book highlights recent findings while also analyzing modelling and control, thus making it a solid reference for researchers as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students. Covers different types of microgrids and their architecture and control in a single book Includes original, state-of-the-art research contributions by international experts Features global case studies for better understanding and real-life examples

Distributed Control and Cyber Security Issues in Microgrids presents a thorough treatment of distributed control methods and cyber security issues for power system researchers and engineers. With the help of mathematical tools, this reference gives a deep understanding of microgrids and new research directions, addressing emerging concepts, methodologies and applications of monitoring, control and protection in smart microgrids with large-scale renewables. With the integration of more distributed or aggregated renewables and the wide utilization of power electronic devices, the smart microgrid is facing new stability and security challenges.

Microgrids: Advanced Control Methods and Renewable Energy System Integration demonstrates the state-of-art of methods and applications of microgrid control, with eleven concise and comprehensive chapters. The first three chapters provide an overview of the control methods of microgrid systems that is followed by a review of distributed control and management strategies for the next generation microgrids. Next, the book identifies future research directions and discusses the hierarchical power sharing control in DC Microgrids. Chapter 4 investigates the demand side management in microgrid control systems from various perspectives, followed by an outline of the operation and controls of the smart microgrids in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 deals with control of low-voltage microgrids with master/slave architecture. The final chapters explain the load-Frequency Controllers for Distributed Power System Generation Units and the issue of robust control design for VSIs, followed by a communication solution denoted as power talk. Finally, in Chapter 11, real-time implementation of distributed control for an autonomous microgrid system is performed. Addresses issues of contemporary interest to practitioners in the power engineering and management fields Focuses on the role of microgrids within the overall power system structure and attempts to clarify the main findings relating to primary and secondary control and management at the microgrid level Provides results from a quantified assessment of benefits from economic, environmental, operational, and social point-of-views Presents the hierarchical control levels manifested in microgrid operations and evaluates the principles and main functions of centralized and decentralized control

This book constitutes the postproceedings of the First International Conference on Energy-Efficient Computing and Networking, E-Energy, held in Passau, Germany in April 2010. The 23 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the post-proceedings. The papers are organized in topical sections on energy market and algorithms, ICT technology for the energy market, implementation of smart grid and smart home technology, microgrids and energy management, and energy efficiency through distributed energy management and buildings.

Due to increasing economic and environmental pressures, small-scale grids have received increasing attention in the last fifteen years. These renewable sources, such as solar PVs, wind turbines, and fuel cells, integrated with grid, have changed the way we live our lives. This book describes microgrid dynamics modeling and nonlinear control issues from introductory to the advanced steps. The book addresses the most relevant challenges in microgrid protection and control including modeling, uncertainty, stability issues, local control, coordination control, power quality, and economic dispatch.

In this book the authors first provide a comprehensive survey on the available studies on control, management, and optimization strategies in AC and DC microgrids. The authors then provide the design of a laboratory-scale microgrid system. Finally, a real-world implementation of the deigned framework is provided. This book paves the way for researchers working on the smart microgrids spread over the fields of electrical engineering, power systems, and smart infrastructures. Furthermore, it provides the readers with a comprehensive insight to understand an in-depth big picture of smart microgrids as well as an all-inclusive framework for laboratory-scale implementation of a microgrid. It is suitable for senior undergraduate students, graduate students who are interested in research in areas related to future smart grids and microgrids, and the researchers working in the related areas. This book also can be used as a reference book for researchers who want to develop laboratories on smart microgrids for future research.

The book focuses on the transient modelling, stability analysis and control of power electronic systems, since these systems face severe safe operation problems the during transient period. It discusses both theoretical analysis and practical applications, highlighting the transient characteristics of converters with different control strategies, and proposes transient modelling and model reduction methods. Furthermore, it classifies the transient stability problems of the system to help the readers gain an understanding of the basic theoretical methods for analysing the power electronic system, at the same time providing sufficient detail to enable engineers to design such systems. Comprehensively describing theoretical analyses, ranging from system modelling and stability analysis to transient control, the book is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers and graduate students in fields of transient modelling, stability analysis and control of power electronic systems.

Energy Management System (EMS) applications of modern power networks like microgrids have to respond to a number of stringent challenges due to current energy revolution. Optimal resource dispatch tasks must be handled with specific regard to the addition of new resource types and the adoption of novel modeling considerations. In addition, due to the comprehensive changes concerning the multi cell grid structure, new policies should be fulfilled via microgrids’ EMS. At the same time achieving a variety of conflicting goals in different microgrids requires a universal and a multi criteria optimization tool. In this work two dispatch-optimizers based on genetic algorithm and mixed integer linear programming for a centralized EMS are introduced which can schedule the unit commitment and economic dispatch of microgrid units. In the proposed methods, different network restrictions like voltages and equipment loadings and unit constraints have been considered.

A graduate text and professional reference covering all aspects of microgrid design and applications.

Microgrid Protection and Control is the result of numerous research works and publications by R&D engineers and scientists of the Microgrid and Energy Internet Research Centre. Through the authors long-routed experience in the microgrid and energy internet industry, this book looks at the sophisticated protection and control issues connected to the special nature of microgrid. The book explains the different ways of classifying types of microgrids and common misconceptions, looking at industrial and research trends along with the different technical issues and challenges faced with deploying microgrid in various settings. Forecasting short-term demand and renewable generation for optimal operation is covered with techniques for accurate enhancement supported with practical application examples. With chapters on dynamic, transient and tertiary control and experimental and simulation tests this reference is useful for all those working in the research, engineering and application of microgrids and power distribution systems. Contains practical examples to support the research and experimental results on microgrid protection and control Includes detailed theories and referential algorithms Provides innovative solutions to technical issues in protection and control of microgrids

Hybrid-Renewable Energy Systems in Microgrids: Integration, Developments and Control presents the most up-to-date research and developments on hybrid-renewable energy systems (HRES) in a single, comprehensive resource. With an enriched collection of topics pertaining to the control and management of hybrid renewable systems, this book presents recent innovations that are molding the future of power systems and their developing infrastructure. Topics of note include distinct integration solutions and control techniques being implemented into HRES that are illustrated through the analysis of various global case studies. With a focus on devices and methods to integrate different renewables, this book provides those researching and working in renewable energy solutions and power electronics with a firm understanding of the technologies available, converter and multi-level inverter considerations, and control and operation strategies. Includes significant case studies of control techniques and integration solutions which provide a deeper level of understanding and knowledge Combines existing research into a single informative resource on micro grids with HRES integration and control Includes architectural considerations and various control strategies for the operation of hybrid systems

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems and Microgrids covers the modeling and analysis for each type of integrated and operational hybrid energy system. Looking at the fundamentals for conventional energy systems, decentralized generation systems, RES technologies and hybrid integration of RES power plants, the most important contribution this book makes is combining emerging energy systems that improve micro and smart grid systems and their components. Sections cover traditional system characteristics, features, challenges and benefits of hybrid energy systems over the conventional power grid, the deployment of emerging power electronic technologies, and up-to-date electronic devices and systems, including AC and DC waveforms. Conventional, emerging and hierarchical control methods and technologies applied in microgrid operations are covered to give researchers and practitioners the information needed to ensure reliability, resilience and flexibility of implemented hybrid energy systems. Presents detailed contents on emerging power networks provided by decentralized and distributed generation approaches Covers driving factors, photovoltaic based power plant modeling and planning studies Introduces hierarchical control methods and technologies applied in microgrid operations to ensure reliability, resilience and flexibility of hybrid energy systems

The management of global warming is a relevant issue throughout the world and has experts of various fields considering various methods to control Earth’s atmospheric temperature. While microgrid technology is emerging as the next generation energy supply system, renewable energy is often unstable and requires the support of conventional energy equipment. Optimum Design of Renewable Energy Systems: Microgrid and Nature Grid Methods investigates the development of highly efficient energy storage equipment and of operation optimization technology of compound energy systems. This book is an essential reference source for technical consultants, urban environment engineers, and energy researchers interested in the development of efficient energy systems and operation optimization technology.

This book presents intuitive explanations of the principles of microgrids, including their structure and operation and their applications. It also discusses the latest research on microgrid control and protection technologies and the essentials of microgrids as well as enhanced communication systems. The book provides solutions to microgrid operation and planning issues using various methodologies including planning and modelling; AC and DC hybrid microgrids; energy storage systems in microgrids; and optimal microgrid operational planning. Written by specialists, it is filled in innovative solutions and research related to microgrid operation, making it a valuable resource for those interested in developing updated approaches in electric power analysis, design and operational strategies. Thanks to its in-depth explanations and clear, three-part structure, it is useful for electrical engineering students, researchers and technicians.

The utilization of AC or DC microgrids across the world has increased dramatically over the years and has led to development opportunities as well as technical challenges when they are connected to the main grids or used as stand-alone systems. This book overviews the development of AC/DC microgrids; explains the microgrid concepts, design and control considerations, discusses operational and technical issues, as well as interconnection and integration of these systems. This book is served as a reference for a general audience of researchers, academics, PhD students and practitioners in the field of power engineering.

2016 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Automation (EEA2016) was held in Hong Kong, China from June 24th–26th, 2016. EEA2016 has provided a platform for leading academic scientists, researchers, scholars and students around the world, to get together to compare notes, and share their results and findings, in areas of Electronics Engineering and Electrical Engineering, Materials and Mechanical Engineering, Control and Automation Modeling and Simulation, Testing and Imaging, Robotics, Actuating and Sensoring. The conference had received a total of 445 submissions. However, after peer review by the Technical Program Committee only 129 were selected to be included in this conference proceedings; based on their originality, ability to test ideas, and contribution to the understanding and advancement in Electronics and Electrical Engineering.

Discover scalable, dependable, intelligent solutions for integrating complex networked microgrids with this definitive guide. Combining resilient control, fast programmable networking, reachability analysis, and cyber-physical security, this is essential reading for researchers, professional engineers, and graduate students.

Microgrids offers a complete discussion and details about microgrids and their applications, including modeling of AC/DC and hybrid grids in a tied mode with simulation for the solar systems, wind turbines, biomass and fuel cells, and deployment issues. The data communications and control mechanism implementations are analyzed for proper coordination of the AC/DC microgrid. The various real-time applications and future development of the microgrid are also discussed in this book, with MATLAB®-based simulations and results. This book: Discusses the fundamentals of microgrids, the components of microgrids, the modeling of renewable energy sources, and the implementation of microgrids. Explores AC and DC microgrid modeling with real-time examples. Examines the effective extraction of energy from renewable energy sources. Covers analysis of data communications and control-mechanism implementations. Includes HOMER/MATLAB®-based simulations and results on microgrids. This book would be a welcome addition to the libraries of researchers, senior undergraduate students, and graduate students in power and electrical engineering, especially those working with smart and microgrids.