Microbial Electrochemical And Fuel Cells

Microbial Electrochemical and Fuel Cells: Fundamentals and Applications contains the most updated information on bio-electrical systems and their ability to drive an electrical current by mimicking bacterial interactions found in nature to produce a small amount of power. One of the most promising features of the microbial fuel cell is its application to generate power from wastewater, and its use in the treatment of water to remove contaminants, making it a very sustainable source of power generation that can feasibly find application in rural areas where providing more conventional sources of power is often difficult. The book explores, in detail, both the technical aspects and applications of this technology, and was written by an international team of experts in the field who provide an introduction to microbial fuel cells that looks at their electrochemical principles and mechanisms, explains the materials that can be used for the various sections of the fuel cells, including cathode and anode materials, and provides key analysis of microbial fuel cell performance looking at their usage in hydrogen production, waste treatment, and sensors, amongst other applications. Includes coverage of the types and principles of electrochemical cells Provides information on the construction of fuel cells and appropriate materials Presents the latest on this renewable source of energy and the process for the treatment of waste water

Scaling Up of Microbial Electrochemical Systems: From Reality to Scalability is the first book of its kind to focus on scaling up of microbial electrochemical systems (MES) and the unique challenges faced when moving towards practical applications using this technology. This book emphasizes an understanding of the current limitations of MES technology and suggests a way forward towards onsite applications of MES for practical use. It includes the basics of MES as well as success stories and case studies of MES in the direction of practical applications. This book will give a new direction to energy researchers, scientists and policymakers working on field applications of microbial electrochemical systems—microbial fuel cells, microbial electrolysis cells, microbial electrosynthesis cells, and more. Promotes the advancement of microbial electrochemical systems, from lab scale to field applications Illustrates the challenges of scaling up using successive case studies Provides the basics of MES technology to help deepen understanding of the subject Addresses lifecycle analysis of MES technology to allow comparison with other conventional methods

Progress and Recent Trends in Microbial Fuel Cells provides an in-depth analysis of the fundamentals, working principles, applications and advancements (including commercialization aspects) made in the field of Microbial Fuel Cells research, with critical analyses and opinions from experts around the world. Microbial Fuel cell, as a potential alternative energy harnessing device, has been progressing steadily towards fruitful commercialization. Involvements of electrolyte membranes and catalysts have been two of the most critical factors toward achieving this progress. Added applications of MFCs in areas of bio-hydrogen production and wastewater treatment have made this technology extremely attractive and important. . Reviews and compares MFCs with other alternative energy harnessing devices, particularly in comparison to other fuel cells. Analyses developments of electrolyte membranes, electrodes, catalysts and biocatalysts as critical components of MFCs, responsible for their present and future progress. Includes commercial aspects of MFCs in terms of (i) generation of electricity, (ii) microbial electrolysis cell, (iii) microbial desalination cell, and (iv) wastewater and sludge treatment.

Biomass, Biofuels, Biochemicals encompasses the potential of microbial electrochemical technologies, delineating their role in developing a technology for abating environmental crisis and enabling transformation to a sustainable future. The book provides new and futuristic methods for bioelectrogenesis, multiple product synthesis, waste remediation strategies, and electromicrobiology generation which are widely essential to individuals from industry, marketing, activists, writers, etc. In addition, it provides essential knowledge transfer to researchers, students and science enthusiasts on Microbial Electrochemical Technologies, detailing the functional mechanisms employed, various operational configurations, influencing factors governing the reaction progress and integration strategies. With these key topics and features, the book generates interest among a wide range of people related to renewable energy generation and sustainable environmental research. Depicts the holistic view of the multiple applications of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs) in a unified comprehensible manner Provides strategic integrations of MET with various bioprocesses that are essential in establishing a circular biorefinery Widens the scope of the existing technologies, giving up-to date, state-of-the-art information and knowledge on research and commercialization Contains topics that are lucid, providing interdisciplinary knowledge on the environment, molecular biology, engineering, biotechnology, microbiology and economic aspects Includes more than 75 illustrations, figures, diagrams, flow charts, and tables for further study

Current wastewater treatment technologies are not sustainable simply due to their high operational costs and process inefficiency. Integrated Microbial Fuel Cells for Wastewater Treatment is intended for professionals who are searching for an innovative method to improve the efficiencies of wastewater treatment processes by exploiting the potential of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) technology. The book is broadly divided into four sections. It begins with an overview of the "state of the art" bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) as well as the fundamentals of MFC technology and its potential to enhance wastewater treatment efficiencies and reduce electricity generation cost. In section two, discusses the integration, installation, and optimization of MFC into conventional wastewater treatment processes such as activated sludge process, lagoons, constructed wetlands, and membrane bioreactors. Section three outlines integrations of MFCs into other wastewater processes. The final section provides explorative studies of MFC integrated systems for large scale wastewater treatment and the challenges which are inherent in the upscaling process. Clearly describes the latest techniques for integrating MFC into traditional wastewater treatment processes such as activated sludge process, lagoons, constructed wetlands, and membrane bioreactors Discusses the fundamentals of bioelectrochemical systems for degrading the contaminants from the municipal and industrial wastewater Covers methods for the optimization of integrated systems

This book encompasses the most updated and recent account of research and implementation of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs) from pioneers and experienced researchers in the field who have been working on the interface between electrochemistry and microbiology/biotechnology for many years. It provides a holistic view of the METs, detailing the functional mechanisms, operational configurations, influencing factors governing the reaction process and integration strategies. The book not only provides historical perspectives of the technology and its evolution over the years but also the most recent examples of up-scaling and near future commercialization, making it a must-read for researchers, students, industry practitioners and science enthusiasts. Key Features: Introduces novel technologies that can impact the future infrastructure at the water-energy nexus. Outlines methodologies development and application of microbial electrochemical technologies and details out the illustrations of microbial and electrochemical concepts. Reviews applications across a wide variety of scales, from power generation in the laboratory to approaches. Discusses techniques such as molecular biology and mathematical modeling; the future development of this promising technology; and the role of the system components for the implementation of bioelectrochemical technologies for practical utility. Explores key challenges for implementing these systems and compares them to similar renewable energy technologies, including their efficiency, scalability, system lifetimes, and reliability.

The field of electrochemistry is exploring beyond its basic principles to innovation. New Technologies for Electrochemical Applications presents advancements in electrochemical processes, materials, and technology for electrochemical power sources such as batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen storage and solar cells. It also examines various environmental applications such as photo electrochemistry, photosynthesis, and coating. Organized to give readers an overview of the current field in electrochemical applications, this book features a historical timeline of advancements and chapters devoted to the topics of organic material and conducting polymers for electrochemical purposes. Established experts in the field detail state-of-the-art materials in biosensors, immunosensors, and electrochemical DNA. This edited reference is a valuable resource for graduate and post-graduate students, and researchers in disciplines such as chemistry, physics, electrical engineering and materials science.

The theory, design, construction, and operation of microbial fuel cells Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), devices in which bacteria create electrical power by oxidizing simple compounds such as glucose or complex organic matter in wastewater, represent a new and promising approach for generating power. Not only do MFCs clean wastewater, but they also convert organics in these wastewaters into usable energy. Given the world's limited supply of fossil fuels and fossil fuels' impact on climate change, MFC technology's ability to create renewable, carbon-neutral energy has generated tremendous interest around the world. This timely book is the first dedicated to MFCs. It not only serves as an introduction to the theory underlying the development and functioning of MFCs, it also serves as a manual for ongoing research. In addition, author Bruce Logan, a leading pioneer in MFC research and development, provides practical guidance for the effective design and operation of MFCs based on his own firsthand experience. This reference covers everything you need to fully understand MFCs, including: * Key topics such as voltage and power generation, MFC materials and architecture, mass transfer to bacteria and biofilms, bioreactor design, and fundamentals of electron transfer * Applications across a wide variety of scales, from power generation in the laboratory to approaches for using MFCs for wastewater treatment * The role of MFCs in the climate change debate * Detailed illustrations of bacterial and electrochemical concepts * Charts, graphs, and tables summarizing key design and operation variables * Practice problems and step-by-step examples Microbial Fuel Cells, with its easy-to-follow explanations, is recommended as both a textbook for students and professionals interested in entering the field and as a complete reference for more experienced practitioners.

This book represents a novel attempt to describe microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a renewable energy source derived from organic wastes. Bioelectricity is usually produced through MFCs in oxygen-deficient environments, where a series of microorganisms convert the complex wastes into electrons via liquefaction through a cascade of enzymes in a bioelectrochemical process. The book provides a detailed description of MFC technologies and their applications, along with the theories underlying the electron transfer mechanisms, the biochemistry and the microbiology involved, and the material characteristics of the anode, cathode and separator. It is intended for a broad audience, mainly undergraduates, postgraduates, energy researchers, scientists working in industry and at research organizations, energy specialists, policymakers, and anyone else interested in the latest developments concerning MFCs.

Microbial fuel cells are very promising as renewable energy sources. They are based on the direct conversion of organic or inorganic materials to electricity by utilizing microorganisms as catalysts. These cells are well suited for applications that require only low power, e.g. ultracapacitors, toys, electronic gadgets, meteorological buoys, remote sensors, digital wristwatches, smartphones and hardware in space and robots. In addition to electricity generation, microbial fuel cells can be used for wastewater treatment, desalination and biofuel production. The book addresses characterization techniques and operating conditions of microbial fuel cells, as well as the usefulness of various types of anode and cathode materials.

In the context of wastewater treatment, Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) have gained considerable interest in the past few years, and several BES processes are on the brink of application to this area. This book, written by a large number of world experts in the different sub-topics, describes the different aspects and processes relevant to their development. Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) use micro-organisms to catalyze an oxidation and/or reduction reaction at an anodic and cathodic electrode respectively. Briefly, at an anode oxidation of organic and inorganic electron donors can occur. Prime examples of such electron donors are waste organics and sulfides. At the cathode, an electron acceptor such as oxygen or nitrate can be reduced. The anode and the cathode are connected through an electrical circuit. If electrical power is harvested from this circuit, the system is called a Microbial Fuel Cell; if electrical power is invested, the system is called a Microbial Electrolysis Cell. The overall framework of bio-energy and bio-fuels is discussed. A number of chapters discuss the basics - microbiology, microbial ecology, electrochemistry, technology and materials development. The book continues by highlighting the plurality of processes based on BES technology already in existence, going from wastewater based reactors to sediment based bio-batteries. The integration of BESs into existing water or process lines is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided of how BES will fit within the emerging biorefinery area.

Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) are innovative and sustainable devices. They combine biological and electrochemical processes to engineer sensors, treat wastewater and/or produce electricity, fuel or high-value chemicals. In BESs, scientists have managed to incorporate biological catalysts, i.e. enzymes and/or microorganisms, and make them work in advanced electrochemical cells. BESs operate under mild conditions — at close to ambient temperature and pressure and at circumneutral pH — and represent a sustainable alternative to precious metal-based systems. Incorporating biological catalysts into devices while maintaining their activity and achieving electrical communication with electrode surfaces is a critical challenge when trying to advance the field of BESs. From implantable enzymatic biosensors to microbial electrosynthesis, and from laboratory-scale systems and fundamental studies to marketed devices, this book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances related to functional electrodes for BESs. Suitable for researchers and graduate students of chemistry, biochemistry, materials science and environmental science and technology. Contents: Fundamentals: Fundamentals of Enzymatic Electrochemical Systems (Victoria Flexer and Nicolas Brun)Fundamentals of Microbial Electrochemical Systems (Stefano Freguia, Kun Guo, and Pablo Ledezma)Continuum in Enzymatic and Microbial Bioelectrocatalysis (Frédéric Barrière)Electron Transfer Between Bacteria and Electrodes (Lucie Semenec, Sanja Aracic, Elizabeth R Mathews, and Ashley E Franks)Electrodes for Enzymatic Electrochemical Systems: Architectures of Enzyme Electrodes Using Redox Mediators (Victoria Flexer, Antonin Prévoteau, and Nicolas Brun)Functional Electrodes for Enzymatic Electrosynthesis (Lin Zhang, Mathieu Etienne, Neus Vilà, and Alain Walcarius)Redox Hydrogels as an Efficient Strategy for Immobilization of Enzymes at Electrode Interfaces (Joshua W Gallaway, and Scott Calabrese Barton)Conducting Polymer Hydrogels and Their Applications as Electrode Materials (Yu Zhao, Lanlan Li, Lijia Pan, Guihua Yu, and Yi Shi)Nanocarbon-Based Enzymatic Electrodes (Nicolas Brun, Mohammed Baccour, and Victoria Flexer)Carbonaceous Electrodes Featuring Tunable Mesopores for Use as Enzyme Electrodes (Seiya Tsujimura)Electrodes for Microbial Electrochemical Systems: Materials and Their Surface Modification for Use as Anode in Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems (Kun Guo, Antonin Prévoteau, Sunil A Patil, and Korneel Rabaey)Electrodes for Cathodic Microbial Electrosynthesis Processes: Key-Developments and Criteria for Effective Research and Implementation (Ludovic Jourdin and David Strik)Non-Carbonaceous Electrodes for Microbial Electrochemical Systems (Hernán Romeo, Diego Massazza, Rodrigo Parra, and Juan Pablo Busalmen)Imaging and Characterization of Bioelectrodes: Imaging and Characterization of Microbial Electrodes (Yang Lu and Bogdan C Donose)Spectroscopic Methods for Characterizing Redox Chemistry at Metalloprotein-Modified Electrodes (Philip A Ash and Kylie A Vincent)Spectroelectrochemistry of Microbial Biofilms (Diego Millo and Bernardino Virdis)Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy: A New Tool for Studying Enzymatic Reactions (Dodzi Zigah and Olivier Fontaine) Readership: Suitable for researchers, postgraduate and graduate students of chemistry, biochemistry and environmental sci

Yeast-based biotechnology traditionally regards the empirical production of fermented drinks and leavened bread, processes which surprisingly keep posing challenges and fuelling research. But yeasts nowadays also provide amenable cell factories, producing bulk and fine chemicals and molecules, and are increasingly used as tools in processes as diverse as food preservation or bioremediation. Importantly, yeasts are excellent models of cell and molecular biology for higher eukaryotes, including humans, contributing with key discoveries to understand processes and diseases. All taken, yeast-related business is worth billions, critically contributing to the economical welfare of many differently developed countries. This book provides some insights into aspects of yeast science and biotechnology less frequently addressed in the literature but nonetheless decisive to improve knowledge and, accordingly, boost up yeast-based innovation.

Faced with the upcoming serious deficiency of energy, food and water, along with inevitable environmental pollution, much related research has been on the upsurge because Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) seem to be one of the solutions to these concerns in the future. The aim of this book is to describe and consider some concepts regarding MFC application designs for interested colleagues. Five topics regarding the technology of flow control, biocatalysts, biofilms, removal of chemical oxygen demand and biochemical fields are addressed in the book. Considering the low power density and short life span of MFCs, there has been a dramatic increase in funding and research that has led to a greater understanding of the fundamental science behind MFC study. This is driving significant improvements in both the reliability and efficiency of MFCs and hence their future use.

Summarizes research encompassing all of the aspects required tounderstand, fabricate and integrate enzymatic fuel cells Contributions span the fields of bio-electrochemistry andbiological fuel cell research Teaches the reader to optimize fuel cell performance to achievelong-term operation and realize commercial applicability Introduces the reader to the scientific aspects ofbioelectrochemistry including electrical wiring of enzymes andcharge transfer in enzyme fuel cell electrodes Covers unique engineering problems of enzyme fuel cells such asdesign and optimization

This book serves as a manual of research techniques for electrochemically active biofilm research. Using examples from real biofilm research to illustrate the techniques used for electrochemically active biofilms, this book is of most use to researchers and educators studying microbial fuel cell and bioelectrochemical systems. The book emphasizes the theoretical principles of bioelectrochemistry, experimental procedures and tools useful in quantifying electron transfer processes in biofilms, and mathematical modeling of electron transfer in biofilms. It is divided into three sections: Biofilms: Microbiology and microbioelectrochemistry - Focuses on the microbiologic aspect of electrochemically active biofilms and details the key points of biofilm preparation and electrochemical measurement Electrochemical techniques to study electron transfer processes - Focuses on electrochemical characterization and data interpretation, highlighting key factors in the experimental procedures that affect reproducibility Applications - Focuses on applications of electrochemically active biofilms and development of custom tools to study electrochemically active biofilms. Chapters detail how to build the reactors for applications and measure parameters

Energy Global energy demand has more than doubled since 1970. The use of energy is strongly related to almost every conceivable aspect of development: wealth, health, nutrition, water, infrastructure, education and even life expectancy itself are strongly and significantly related to the consumption of energy per capita. Many development indicators are strongly related to per-capita energy consumption. Fossil fuel is the most conventional source of energy but also increases greenhouse gas emissions. The economic development of many countries has come at the cost of the environment. However, it should not be presumed that a reconciliation of the two is not possible. The nexus concept is the interconnection between the resource energy, water, food, land, and climate. Such interconnections enable us to address trade-offs and seek synergies among them. Energy, water, food, land, and climate are essential resources of our natural environment and support our quality of life. Competition between these resources is increasing globally and is exacerbated by climate change. Improving resilience and securing resource availability would require improving resource efficiency. Many policies and programs are announced nationally and internationally for replacing the conventional mode and also emphasizing on conservation of fossil fuels and reuse of exhausted energy, so a gap in implications and outcomes can be broadly traced by comparing the data. This book aims to highlight problems and solutions related to conventional energy utilization, formation, and multitudes of ecological impacts and tools for the conservation of fossil fuels. The book also discusses modern energy services as one of the sustainable development goals and how the pressure on resource energy disturbs the natural flows. The recent advances in alternative energy sources and their possible future growth are discussed and on how conventional energy leads to greenhouse gas formation, which reduces energy use efficiency. The different policies and models operating is also addressed, and the gaps that remained between them. Climate change poses a challenge for renewable energy, and thus it is essential to identify the factors that would reduce the possibility of relying on sustainable energy sources. This book will be of interest to researchers and stakeholders, students, industries, NGOs, and governmental agencies directly or indirectly associated with energy research.

The book provides the readers of various discipline an easy understanding of the latest biophysical techniques pertaining to microbiology. Biofilm associated chronic infection is a major health problem and a serious concern to doctors, scientists and other health workers as it develops antibiotic and multi-drug resistance. This book describes various protocols utilized in the detection of the biofilm. The book has been divided into six sub sections which provides pertinent information about the various biophysical techniques and instruments that are used for detecting and analyzing the biofilm formation upon biotic and abiotic surfaces. The readers will be able to identify the techniques that can best cater information to solve the problem at hand. This book attempts to compile the latest information on the recent advances in the various functional aspects of microbial biofilms, their pathogenesis, present day treatments as well as detection strategies. This book is meant for researchers in the field of microbiology and interested in understanding microbial pathogenesis, quorum sensing and biofilm formation.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The classic environmental biotechnology textbook—fully updated for the latest advances This thoroughly revised educational resource presents the biological principles that underlie modern microbiological treatment technologies. Written by two of the field’s foremost researchers, Environmental Biotechnology: Principles and Applications, Second Edition, clearly explains the new technologies that have evolved over the past 20 years, including direct anaerobic treatments, membrane-based processes, and granular processes. The first half of the book focuses on theory and tools; the second half offers practical applications that are clearly illustrated through real-world examples. Coverage includes: • Moving toward sustainability • Basics of microbiology • Biochemistry, metabolism, genetics, and information flow • Microbial ecology • Stoichiometry and energetics • Microbial kinetics and products • Biofilm kinetics • Reactor characteristics and kinetics • Methanogenesis • Aerobic suspended-growth processes • Aerobic biofilm processes • Nitrogen transformation and recovery • Phosphorus removal and recovery • Biological treatment of drinking water

A review is provided which covers the development, present status, and future outlook of biochemical fuel cell research. Its contents include: Bioelectrochemistry; Biofuel cells; (Fuels for Biofuel cells, Oxidation agents for biofuel cells, Organisms for biofuel cells, Classification of biofuel cells, Electrochemical and biological metabolism, Interelectrode separation, Suitability of materials used in Biofuel Cells, The influence of the Electrode on the Biological Substance); Biogalvanic cells; Biosolar cells; Bioanodes; Biocathodes; Some types of biofuel cells (Biofuel cell urea-oxygen-urease, Biofuel cell lactate-atmospheric oxygen); Comparison of biofuel cells with fuel cells (Advantages of biofuel cells over fuel cells, Drawbacks of biofuel cells in comparison with fuel cells); The medium of the ocean as a giant biofuel cell.