Laser Surface Modification Of Biomaterials

Laser Surface Modification of Biomaterials: Techniques and Applications covers this expanding field, which has many potential applications, including biomaterials. Laser surface modification of biomaterials enables the production of hybrid materials with different functionality in the bulk as well as the thin, sub-micrometer surface layer. This book will provide readers with a comprehensive review of the technology and its applications. Chapters in Part 1 look at the techniques and considerations of laser surface modification, while Part 2 reviews laser surface modification techniques of the most important classes of biomaterials, with a final set of chapters discussing application specific laser surface modification. Offers a comprehensive review of laser surface modification techniques Presents recent developments, fundamentals, and progress in laser surface modification Reviews laser surface modification applications across a range of materials Emphasizes applications in biomaterials

Corrosion and erosion processes often occur synergistically to cause serious damage to metal alloys. Laser surface modification techniques such as laser surface melting or alloying are being increasingly used to treat surfaces to prevent corrosion or repair corroded or damaged components. Laser surface modification of alloys for corrosion and erosion resistance reviews the wealth of recent research on these important techniques and their applications. After an introductory overview, part one reviews the use of laser surface melting and other techniques to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless and other steels as well as nickel-titanium and a range of other alloys. Part two covers the use of laser surface modification to prevent different types of erosion, including liquid impingement, slurry (solid particle) and electrical erosion as well as laser remanufacturing of damaged components. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Laser surface modification of alloys for corrosion and erosion resistance is a standard reference for all those concerned with preventing corrosion and erosion damage in metallic components in sectors as diverse as energy production and electrical engineering. Reviews recent research on the use of laser surface modification techniques, including the prevention of corrosion and repair of corroded or damaged components Discusses the techniques for improving the corrosion resistance of steels, nickel-titanium and a range of alloys Analyses the use of laser surface modification to prevent different types of erosion, including liquid impingement and laser remanufacturing of damaged components

Biotechnology has the potential to improve people’s quality of life and holds the key to many unmet clinical needs. In the UK alone the biotechnology market is worth £4.5 billion and estimates of future growth range from 10 to 15%. This growth can only be driven by the increased use of inexpensive and easy to manufacture polymeric biomaterials. Although polymer science is a rapidly developing area of research, it remains that one of the most intractable problems encountered in biotechnology is that the performance of polymeric biomaterials depend upon both the bulk and surface properties. In this book the authors describe their work using lasers to modify the wettability characteristics of nylon 6,6 (as wetting is often the primary factor dictating the adhesion and bonding potential of materials) as a route to enhancing the surface in terms of in vitro osteoblast cell response. What is more, modifying wettability characteristics in this way is shown to be a highly attractive means of estimating the biofunctionality of a polymer. The book demonstrates and explains how the generation of a biomimetic surface on polymers using laser beams provides an in vitro platform on which to deposit and grow cells for either the development of implants or to reconstitute functional tissue. The correlative trends and generic characteristics which are identified in the book between the laser surface treatment, wettability characteristics and osteoblast cell response of the nylon 6,6 provide a means to estimate the osteoblast cell response in vivo. The book shows clearly that laser surface modification of polymeric materials has tremendous potential for application within the field of regenerative medicine.

The biomaterials technology industry is already well established in the western world and is growing rapidly within Asian Pacific nations. It is often described as the ‘next electronics industry’, whilst the laser is described as a ‘solution looking for a problem’. This book describes the use of the laser to solve a troublesome and costly problem in a rapidly growing global industry. The authors have spent many years conducting research using laser materials processing and wettability characteristics and have perfected a technique to improve the bio-compatibility of various bone-implant materials using laser irradiation. They have made pioneering discoveries on the subject and established some generic theories and principals that will have a wide range of applications in the biomaterials field. Introduces inter-disciplinary research work covering laser materials processing and surface modification of biomaterials for enhanced compatibility. Includes highly scientific and novel research material. Serves both as a practitioner guide and a reference book. Covers an exciting and rapidly developing area of technology that is of keen interest to engineers and clinicians alike. Laser Surface Treatment of Bio-Implant Materials is rare in providing a reference source that describes specifically a mechanical engineering solution to a biotechnology problem. It serves as both a practitioner guide and a medium to high-level reference text book, and as such is a reference source for the engineer practising or looking to move into the biomaterials field, undergraduate and post graduate students and those conducting bio-related research in either academia or industry. It will prove useful to mechanical engineers, biotechnologists, biomechanical engineers, metallurgists, clinicians and even surgeons.

Emerging Applications of Nanoparticles and Architecture Nanostructures: Current Prospects and Future Trends discusses the most important current applications of nanoparticles and architecture nanostructures in a comprehensive, detailed manner. The book covers major applications of nanoparticles and architecture nanostructures, taking into account their unusual shapes and high surface areas. In particular, coverage is given to applications in aerospace, automotive, batteries, sensors, smart textile design, energy conversion, color imaging, printing, computer chips, medical implants, pharmacy, cosmetics, and more. In addition, the book discusses the future of research in these areas. This is a valuable reference for both materials scientists, chemical and mechanical engineers working both in R&D and academia who want to learn more on how nanoparticles and nanomaterials are commercially applied. Provides an in-depth look at the properties of nanoparticles and architecture nanostructures in terms of their applicability for industrial uses Analyzes the most recent advances and industrial applications of different types of nanoparticles and architecture nanostructures, taking into account their unusual structures and compositions Identifies novel nanometric particles and architectures that are of particular value for applications and the techniques required to use them effectively

Despite advances in alternative materials, metals are still the biomaterial of choice for a number of clinical applications such as dental, orthopedic and cardiac implants. However, there are a number of intrinsic problems associated with implanting metal in the biological environment, such as wear, corrosion, biocompatibility and toxicity, which must be addressed. Modern technology has enabled scientists to modify metal surfaces or apply special coatings to metals to improve their performance safety. Surface Coating and Modification of Metallic Biomaterials will discuss the most important modification techniques and coatings for metals, first covering the fundamentals of metals as a biomaterial and then exploring surface modification techniques and coatings. An expansive overview of surface modification techniques for biomedical use In-depth exploration of issues arising from metal biomaterial use Includes examples of applications in a clinical setting

Structural Biomaterials: Properties, Characteristics, and Selection serves as a single point of reference to digest current research and develop a deeper understanding in the field of biomaterials engineering. This book uses a materials-focused approach, allowing the reader to quickly access specific, detailed information on biomaterials characterization and selection. Relevant to a range of readers, this book provides holistic coverage of the broad categories of structural biomaterials currently available and used in medical applications, highlighting the property requirements for structural biomaterials, their biocompatibility performance and their safety regulation in key categories such as metals, ceramics and polymers. The materials science perspective of this text ensures the content is accessible even to those without an extensive background in applied medicine, positioning this text not just for students, but as an overview and reference for researchers, scientists and engineers entering the field from related materials science disciplines. Provides a unique, holistic approach, covering key biomaterials categories in one text, including metals, ceramics and polymers Discusses advantages, disadvantages, biocompatibility performance and safety regulations, allowing for accurate materials selection in medical applications Utilizes a materials science perspective, allowing those without an extensive applied medical background to learn about the field

The book focuses on the topic of bio-mineralization and discusses the properties of biological, biocompatible and biomimetic materials. The aim is to improve the performance of these materials. This can be accomplished by tailoring their surface properties by means of external factors and various surface modification techniques. In this way, the growth of biomaterials on surfaces can be influenced beneficially. Chapter 2 explores typical techniques for surface characterization and shows how these techniques can be modified to serve specific needs in the study of biomaterials. Chapters 3 and 4 reveal factors that can be used to influence the growth of the biomaterial hydroxyapatite (the main inorganic constituent in mammal bones and teeth). Proteins are also used to modulate the cellular interactions with the hydroxyapatite. The remaining chapters are devoted to an example of the pathological mineralization, namely the formation of bacterial films on teeth and soft tissues in the mouth and how it can be removed to achieve better oral health.

Metallic Biomaterials Processing and Medical Device Manufacturing details the principles and practices of the technologies used in biomaterials processing and medical device manufacturing. The book reviews the main categories of metallic biomaterials and the essential considerations in design and manufacturing of medical devices. It bridges the gap between the designing of biomaterials and manufacturing of medical devices including requirements and standards. Main themes of the book include, manufacturing, coatings and surface modifications of medical devices, metallic biomaterials and their mechanical behaviour, degradation, testing and characterization, and quality controls, standards and FDA regulations of medical devices. The leading experts in the filed discuss the requirements, challenges, recent progresses and future research directions in the processing of materials and manufacturing of medical devices. Metallic Biomaterials Processing and Medical Device Manufacturing is ideal for those working in the disciplines of materials science, manufacturing, biomedical engineering, and mechanical engineering. Reviews key topics of biomaterials processing for medical device applications including metallic biomaterials and their mechanical behavior, degradation, testing and characterization Bridges the gap between biomaterials design and medical device manufacturing Discusses the quality controls, standards, and FDA requirements for biomaterials and medical devices

The revised edition of the renowned and bestselling title is the most comprehensive single text on all aspects of biomaterials science from principles to applications. Biomaterials Science, fourth edition, provides a balanced, insightful approach to both the learning of the science and technology of biomaterials and acts as the key reference for practitioners who are involved in the applications of materials in medicine. This new edition incorporates key updates to reflect the latest relevant research in the field, particularly in the applications section, which includes the latest in topics such as nanotechnology, robotic implantation, and biomaterials utilized in cancer research detection and therapy. Other additions include regenerative engineering, 3D printing, personalized medicine and organs on a chip. Translation from the lab to commercial products is emphasized with new content dedicated to medical device development, global issues related to translation, and issues of quality assurance and reimbursement. In response to customer feedback, the new edition also features consolidation of redundant material to ensure clarity and focus. Biomaterials Science, 4th edition is an important update to the best-selling text, vital to the biomaterials’ community. The most comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials Edited and contributed by the best-known figures in the biomaterials field today; fully endorsed and supported by the Society for Biomaterials Fully revised and updated to address issues of translation, nanotechnology, additive manufacturing, organs on chip, precision medicine and much more. Online chapter exercises available for most chapters

The book provides a unique overview on laser techniques and applications for the purpose of improving adhesion by altering surface chemistry and topography/morphology of the substrate. It details laser surface modification techniques for a wide range of industrially relevant materials (plastics, metals, ceramics, composites) with the aim to improve and enhance their adhesion to other materials. The joining of different materials is of critical importance in the fabrication of many and varied products.

This book provides a link between different disciplines of nanophysics, biophotonics, nanobiomaterials & applications of nanobiophotonics in biomedical research and engineering. The fundamentals of light, matter, nanobiomaterials & nanophysics are discussed together, and relevant applications in biomedical engineering as well as other related factors influencing the interaction process are explicated. Theoretical and experimental research is combined, emphasizing the influence of crucial common factors on applications.

The acronym Laser is derived from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. With the advent of the ruby laser in 1960, there has been tremendous research activity in developing novel, more versatile and more efficient laser sources or devices, as lasers applications are ubiquitous. Today, lasers are used in many areas of human endeavor and are routinely employed in a host of diverse fields: various branches of engineering, microelectronics, biomedical, medicine, dentistry, surgery, surface modification, to name just a few. In this book (containing 10 chapters) we have focused on application of lasers in adhesion and related areas. The topics covered include: • Topographical modification of polymers and metals by laser ablation to create superhydrophobic surfaces. • Non-ablative laser surface modification. • Laser surface modification to enhance adhesion. • Laser surface engineering of materials to modulate their wetting behavior • Laser surface modification in dentistry. • Laser polymer welding. • Laser based adhesion testing technique to measure thin film-substrate interface toughness. • Laser surface removal of hard thin ceramic coatings. • Laser removal of particles from surfaces. • Laser induced thin film debonding for micro-device fabrication applications.

This collection covers the physical and chemical phenomena of metal surfaces, including surface modifications and treatments. It is targeted at researchers working in materials science and also at newcomers to the research field of metal surfaces and surface analysis.

Lasers can alter the surface composition and properties of materials in a highly controllable way, which makes them efficient and cost-effective tools for surface engineering. This book provides an overview of the different techniques, the laser-material interactions and the advantages and disadvantages for different applications. Part one looks at laser heat treatment, part two covers laser additive manufacturing such as laser-enhanced electroplating, and part three discusses laser micromachining, structuring and surface modification. Chemical and biological applications of laser surface engineering are explored in part four, including ways to improve the surface corrosion properties of metals. Provides an overview of thermal surface treatments using lasers, including the treatment of steels, light metal alloys, polycrystalline silicon and technical ceramics Addresses the development of new metallic materials, innovations in laser cladding and direct metal deposition, and the fabrication of tuneable micro- and nano-scale surface structures Chapters also cover laser structuring, surface modification, and the chemical and biological applications of laser surface engineering

Miniaturization and high precision are rapidly becoming a requirement for many industrial processes and products. As a result, there is greater interest in the use of laser microfabrication technology to achieve these goals. This book composed of 16 chapters covers all the topics of laser precision processing from fundamental aspects to industrial applications to both inorganic and biological materials. It reviews the sate of the art of research and technological development in the area of laser processing.

This fully updated edition provides a broad approach to the surface analysis of polymers being of high technological interest. Modern analytical techniques, potential applications and recent advances in instrumental apparatus are discussed. The self-consistent chapters are devoted to techniques from photoelectron spectroscopy to electron microscopies and wettability.

KEYWORDS: surface modification, pulsed laser deposition, silicone, plasma polymerization, stents.

Given such problems as rejection, the interface between an implant and its human host is a critical area in biomaterials. Surfaces and Interfaces for Biomaterials summarizes the wealth of research on understanding the surface properties of biomaterials and the way they interact with human tissue. The first part of the book reviews the way biomaterial surfaces form. Part Two then discusses ways of monitoring and characterizing surface structure and behavior. The final two parts of the book look at a range of in vitro and in vivo studies of the complex interactions between biomaterials and the body. Chapters cover such topics as bone and tissue regeneration, the role of interface interactions in biodegradable biomaterials, microbial biofilm formation, vascular tissue engineering and ways of modifying biomaterial surfaces to improve biocompatibility. Surfaces and Interfaces for Biomaterials will be a standard work on how to understand and control surface processes in ensuring biomaterials are used successfully in medicine.

"... This reference integrates a historical perspective of materials engineering principles with biological interactions of biomaterials. Also provided within are regulatory and ethical issues in addition to future directions of the field, and a state-of-the-art update of medical and biotechnological applications. All aspects of biomaterials science are thoroughly addressed, from tissue engineering to cochlear prostheses and drug delivery systems. Over 80 contributors from academia, government and industry detail the principles of cell biology, immunology, and pathology. Focus within pertains to the clinical uses of biomaterials as components in implants, devices, and artificial organs. This reference also touches upon their uses in biotechnology as well as the characterization of the physical, chemical, biochemical and surface properties of these materials." -- Publisher's description.