Infective Endocarditis

One of the most time-consuming tasks in clinical medicine is seeking the opinions of specialist colleagues. There is a pressure not only to make referrals appropriate but also to summarize the case in the language of the specialist. This book explains basic physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in a straightforward manner, gives guidelines as to when referral is appropriate, and, uniquely, explains what the specialist is likely to do. It is ideal for any hospital doctor, generalist, or even senior medical student who may need a cardiology opinion, or for that ma.

THE DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO INPATIENT MEDICINE, UPDATED AND EXPANDED FOR A NEW GENERATION OF STUDENTS AND PRACTITIONERS A long-awaited update to the acclaimed Saint-Frances Guides, the Saint-Chopra Guide to Inpatient Medicine is the definitive practical manual for learning and practicing inpatient medicine. Its end-to-end coverage of the specialty focuses on both commonly encountered problems and best practices for navigating them, all in a portable and user-friendly format. Composed of lists, flowcharts, and "hot key" clinical insights based on the authors' decades of experience, the Saint-Chopra Guide ushers clinicians through common clinical scenarios from admission to differential diagnosis and clinical plan. It will be an invaluable addition -- and safety net -- to the repertoire of trainees, clinicians, and practicing hospitalists at any stage of their career.

Endocarditis remains an elusive challenge for clinicians to master. As the population ages and their comorbidities increase, the risk of infecting cardiac structures - both native and, the ever-increasing use of, prosthetic support technology - also increases. In addition, the global epidemic of intravenous substance abuse has also resulted in a substantial increase in the number of infected patients. Fortunately, advances in the diagnostic testing, imaging, and recognition of the importance of a multidisciplinary management team have also contributed to advances in the care of these critically ill patients. Nevertheless, optimal therapies need to be individualized and considered in the ever-increasing body of scientific literature on this complex and difficult problem.

The first up-to-date source on the subject in more than a decade, this authoritative and all-encompassing guide summarizes the latest findings on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis. Written by a world recognized expert with more than 35 years of experience in

Infective endocarditis is a potentially life-threatening devastating disease. Due to its diagnostic difficulties, definite diagnosis may be delayed. Once diagnosed, the treatment options need careful judgment preferably among team members with specialization in cardiology, imaging, infectious disease, and thoracic surgery. The purpose of this book is to cover various aspects of the management of infectious endocarditis, which may serve as a basis of knowledge that will facilitate implementation of improved, evidenced-based care for this challenging disease.

This reference resource represents the consensus opinion a team of international specialists on the diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE), many of whom have been co-authors of American or European guidelines on the topic. It is therefore a useful tool for many practitioners: cardiologists and cardiac imagers, cardiac surgeons, echocardiographers, specialists of internal medicine, neurologists, and infectiologists. ​​​Infective endocarditis (IE) is defined as an infection of the endocardial surface of the heart, which may include one or more heart valves, the mural endocardium, or a septal defect. Its intracardiac effects include severe valvular insufficiency, which may lead to intractable congestive heart failure and myocardial abscesses. If left untreated, IE is generally fatal. IE is a changing disease with new diagnostic techniques, new therapeutic strategies, more frequent elderly people and patients with prosthetic valves of intravenous drug users.

Only current atlas on the topic of infective endocarditis Extensive treatment and diagnostic algorithms in the form of tables and appendices Many never before seen images of high quality

Microbiology for Surgical Infections: Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment explores current trends in etiology and antibiotic resistance of pathogens responsible for devastating and complex surgical infections. Clinicians and researchers report the most recent advances in diagnostic approaches to bacterial and non-bacterial surgical infections, including invasive fungal infections. Current guidelines for prophylaxis of community-acquired and nosocomial infections, complications in surgery, and improvement of diagnosis and treatment of these devastating surgical infections are also discussed. The work gives specific attention to intra-abdominal and wound infections, as well as infections in cardiac surgery and neurosurgery. Taken together, these explorations inform the work of specialists in different surgical arenas, as well as those working in microbiology. Microbiology for Surgical Infections provides a resource to those working to improve outcomes in this complicated arena by discussing prospects for future study and identifying targets for future research. Provides a multi-dimensional view of myriad topics pertinent to surgical infections, including questions of etiology, pathogenesis, host-microbial interactions, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and prophylaxis Delivers cutting-edge commentary from eminent surgeons, microbiologists, and infectious disease specialists, with global contributions from both the developed and developing worlds Presents comprehensive research informed by the most recent technological and scientific advances in the field

Infective Endocarditis: A Multidisciplinary Approach provides a comprehensive review of infective endocarditis and covers the entire spectrum of medical care for these challenging patients. It covers the ever-increasing scope of the problem, including epidemiology, as well as diagnostic work-up, microbiology, medical therapy, and surgical therapy for this disease. The book also addresses the opioid epidemic and rising infective endocarditis incidence in this population. Each type of practitioner can use this book as a definitive resource in reviewing aspects of care related to the endocarditis patient. This book will also serve as an updated resource to provide recent evidence regarding the management of these patients, as well as author perspectives and approaches to tackling the often complex and challenging issues revolving around care of the endocarditis patient. This is an essential reference and an authoritative source for infective endocarditis and provide physicians, nurses, social workers, and everyone who is routinely involved in the care of these patients. Provides a thorough, yet concise review from a multidisciplinary perspective on the work-up and management of infective endocarditis Presents updated reviews on evidence and current guidelines for treating patients with infective endocarditis Provides discussion on controversial aspects of management, both medical and ethical

The most important example of intravascular infection is infective endocarditis (IE), a common and serious disorder in man. In the past, these infections were uniformly fatal, but since the development of potent antimicrobial agents, bac teriological cure has become practical and predictable. So, for a while, it seemed that intravascular infection would diminish in importance and be relegated to the stockpile of illnesses which physicians, one or two generations earlier, used to see frequently. In recent years, however, spectacular technological advances (cardiac surgery, intravascular devices, hemodialysis), accompanied by profound social deterioration (intravenous drug usage), have provided new breeding grounds for the development of these infections. So it is that a large percentage of intravascular infections may be looked upon today as one of the diseases of medical progress and social evolution. This "progress," however, has not only contributed to the encouragement of the disease; there is another side to the coin: the same technological advances that have served to increase the frequency of infection (e. g. , intravascular plastic catheters) have also led to the first simple, easily reproducible laboratory animal model for the study of the disease, thus advancing our understanding of the prophylaxis, treatment, and general biology of these infections (Figures 1 and 2). Similarly, whereas the insertion of prosthetic heart valves has created a new group of patients with endocarditis, these same surgical techniques are lifesaving to patients with endocarditis whose aortic valves have perforated.

Endocarditis is an inflammation of the lining of the heart and valves. It can be due to a non-infectious cause but when the inflammation is associated with an infection, usually bacterial, it is known as infective endocarditis. It is typically characterized by the development of a large septic thrombus on one of the cardiac valves. As this thrombus grows, it can lead to valve failure or may fragment forming a septic embolus that is associated with high mortality if the target of the embolus is the brain, heart or lung. This book reviews multi-organ complications associated with Infective endocarditis including significant recent advances in molecular mechanisms underlying thrombus formation on the cardiac valve, anti-microbial treatment and surgery.

Highly illustrated, practical full-color text on all aspects of TEE to assess cardiac function in patients undergoing heart surgery.

Challenges for the treatment of valvular heart disease include the growing need for effective yet less invasive interventions and therapies to treat these progressive conditions. With the development of potential new treatments, it is crucial for cardiac physicians to be well informed on the pathophysiology, assessment, treatment options and their outcomes of valvular diseases. Written by a highly experienced and internationally recognized group of cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, and researchers, Valvular Heart Disease offers insights into the widely varying hemodynamic effects and clinical course of heart valve conditions, as well as the contemporary management of these conditions. Offering a broad perspective on these diseases, Valvular Heart Disease expands on the recent guidelines developed by the major heart societies in the United State and Europe.

MASTER MODERN MEDICINE! Introducing the Landmark Twentieth Edition of the Global Icon of Internal Medicine The definitive guide to internal medicine is more essential than ever with the latest in disease mechanisms, updated clinical trial results and recommended guidelines, state-of-the art radiographic images, therapeutic approaches and specific treatments, hundreds of demonstrative full-color drawings, and practical clinical decision trees and algorithms Recognized by healthcare professionals worldwide as the leading authority on applied pathophysiology and clinical medicine, Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine gives you the informational foundation you need to provide the best patient care possible. Essential for practice and education, the landmark 20th Edition features: Thoroughly revised content—covering the many new breakthroughs and advances in clinical medicine that have occurred since the last edition of Harrison’s. Chapters on acute and chronic hepatitis, management of diabetes, immune-based therapies in cancer, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, HIV, and many more, deliver the very latest information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic options, and the specific treatment guidance you need to provide optimal patient care. State-of-the-art coverage of disease mechanisms: Harrison’s focuses on pathophysiology with rigor, and with the goal of linking disease mechanisms to treatments. Improved understanding of how diseases develop and progress not only promotes better decision-making and higher value care, but also makes for fascinating reading and improved retention. Harrison’s summarizes important new basic science developments, such as the role of mitochondria in programmed and necrotic cell death, the immune system’s role in cancer development and treatment, the impact of telomere shortening in the aging and disease processes, and the role of the microbiome in health and disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, the precise mechanisms of immune deficiency in HIV/AIDS, prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity as a predisposition to diabetes are just a few examples of how this edition provides essential pathophysiology information for health professionals. All-new sections covering a wide range of new and emerging areas of vital interest to all healthcare professionals. New sections include: Sex and Gender-based Issues in Medicine; Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome; and Consultative Medicine— Plus, a new Part covering cutting-edge topics in research and clinical medicine includes great new chapters on the role of Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Behavioral Strategies to Improve Health, Genomics and Infectious Diseases, Emerging Neuro-Therapeutic Technologies, and Telomere Function in Health and Disease, and Network System Medicine. Important and timely new chapters—such as Promoting Good Health, LGBT Health, Systems of Healthcare, Approach to Medical Consultation, Pharmacogenomics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Worldwide Changes in Patterns of Infectious Diseases, Neuromyelitis Optica, and more—offer the very latest, definitive perspectives on must-know topics in medical education and practice. Updated clinical guidelines, expert opinions, and treatment approaches from world-renowned editors and authors contribute to the accuracy and immediacy of the text material and present a clear blueprint for optimizing patient outcomes. End-of-chapter suggested readings reinforce the text material and provide a robust platform for further study and research.

Acute resuscitation and care of unstable and critically ill patients can be a daunting experience for all trainees in the emergency department or the intensive care unit. The practical, easy-to-read and evidence-based information in Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care will help all physicians understand and begin management of these patients. This book offers the collaborative expertise of dozens of critical care physicians from different specialities, including but not limited to: emergency medicine, surgery, medicine and anaesthesia. Divided into sections by medical entities, it covers essential topics that are likely to be encountered in the emergency department where critical care often begins. The portable format and bullet point style content allows all practitioners instant access to the principle information that is necessary for the diagnosis and management of critical care patients.

This new addition will provide an update on the current prophylaxis guidelines, the new diagnostic approach in the detection of the disease, the proposed schemas to predict prognosis, and the new treatment strategies to improve the outcome of patients afflicted with this serious condition. Endocarditis is a serious disease with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The in-hospital mortality remains at 10-20%. The poor outcome of patients with this condition is due in large part to the delay in making the diagnosis which frequently can be elusive. As a result of its wide spectrum of manifestations, endocarditis can mimic many different conditions ranging from stroke to renal failure. In order to minimize the delay in diagnosis, clinicians need to always be mindful of the possibility that endocarditis may be the cause of the symptoms. There have been ongoing efforts in the development of molecular probes and new imaging techniques to improve our ability to identify the disease early and reliably. New treatment strategies have been studied with the aim to prevent complications and to improve survival. The structure of the previous edition is preserved. The book is divided into three sections with the first section covering the historical perspective and basic principles, the second section dealing with the diagnosis and management approaches and the last section on specific clinical situations that pose management dilemmas. All the chapters will be updated to include new information from the recent studies. In particular, the approach to the use of antibiotic prophylaxis will be extensively revised to present and discuss the implications of the current guidelines from different national societies including the American Heart Association and the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. This update is timely and should be of interest to all clinicians involved in the care of patients with this serious disease. This new edition will be a good resource for internists, infectious disease specialists, cardiologists and cardiac surgeons alike .