Outcome Prediction in Cancer

This book is organized into 4 sections, each looking at the question of outcome prediction in cancer from a different angle. The first section describes the clinical problem and some of the predicaments that clinicians face in dealing with cancer. Amongst issues discussed in this section are the TNM staging, accepted methods for survival analysis and competing risks. The second section describes the biological and genetic markers and the rôle of bioinformatics. Understanding of the genetic and environmental basis of cancers will help in identifying high-risk populations and developing effective prevention and early detection strategies. The third section provides technical details of mathematical analysis behind survival prediction backed up by examples from various types of cancers. The fourth section describes a number of machine learning methods which have been applied to decision support in cancer. The final section describes how information is shared within the scientific and medical communities and with the general population using information technology and the World Wide Web. * Applications cover 8 types of cancer including brain, eye, mouth, head and neck, breast, lungs, colon and prostate * Include contributions from authors in 5 different disciplines * Provides a valuable educational tool for medical informatics

There have been extensive studies of classification and prediction of cancer outcome with composite gene features that combine functionally related genes together as a single feature to improve the classification and prediction accuracy. Various algorithms have been proposed for feature extraction, feature activity inference, and feature selection, which all claim to improve the prediction accuracy. However, due to the limited test data sets used by each independent study, inconsistent test procedures, and conflicting results, it is difficult to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the relative performances of these algorithms. In this study, various algorithms for the three steps in using composite features for cancer outcome prediction were implemented and an extensive comparison and evaluation were performed by applying testing to seven microarray data sets covering two cancer types and three different clinical outcomes. Also by integrating algorithms in all three different steps, we aimed to investigate how to get the best cancer prediction by using different combinations of these techniques.

Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Cancer Epidemiology and Research. The editors have built Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Cancer Epidemiology and Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Advances in Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering includes a set of rigorously reviewed world-class manuscripts addressing and detailing state-of-the-art research projects in the areas of Computer Science, Software Engineering, Computer Engineering, and Systems Engineering and Sciences. Advances in Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering includes selected papers from the conference proceedings of the International Conference on Systems, Computing Sciences and Software Engineering (SCSS 2007) which was part of the International Joint Conferences on Computer, Information and Systems Sciences and Engineering (CISSE 2007).

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2019, held in Poznan, Poland, in June 2019. The 22 revised full and 31 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 134 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: deep learning; simulation; knowledge representation; probabilistic models; behavior monitoring; clustering, natural language processing, and decision support; feature selection; image processing; general machine learning; and unsupervised learning.

Radiation Medicine Rounds is a trinary, hard cover, periodical designed to provide an up-to-date review of a dedicated radiation medicine topic of interest to clinicians andscientists who are involved in the care of patients receiving radiotherapy. It is intended to serve as both a reference and instructional tool for students, housestaff, fellows, practicing clinicians, medical physicists, cancer biologists, radiobiologists, and interdisciplinary colleagues throughout the oncology spectrum. With contributions from experts across the U.S., Gynecologic Cancer details the current management of different types of gynecologic cancer. Today the management of gynecologic cancers is multidisciplinary in nature, requiring close collaboration between gynecologic oncologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Gynecologic Cancer reviews new therapies in use and under development for gynecologic cancer including novel radiation approaches, the role of chemotherapy and novel biologic agents, new and emerging surgical approaches, and the role of MRI in assessing tumor response in cervical cancer patients. It is a valuable tool for clinicians, nurses, researchers, medical students, residents, and fellows. Included in Gynecologic Cancer Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Gynecologic Malignancies In-Room Image-Guided Radiation Therapy for Cervical Cancers Image-Guided Brachytherapy in Cervical Cancer Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Vulvar Cancer Chemotherapy in Advanced/Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Biologic Agents and Immune Therapy in Gynecologic Cancers Lymphadenectomy in Uterine Cancer Robotic Surgery in Gynecologic Cancer Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessing Tumor Response in Cervical Cancer

Bioinformatics can be loosely defined as the collection, classification, storage, and analysis of biochemical and biological information using computers and mathematical algorithms. Bioinformatics represents a marriage of biology, medicine, computer science, physics, and mathematics, fields of study that have historically existed as mutually exclusive disciplines. Edited by Gavin Gordon, Bioinformatics in Cancer and Cancer Therapy, the focus of this book is to provide a historical and technical perspective on the analytical techniques, methodologies, and platforms used in bioinformatics experiments, to show how a bioinformatics approach has been used to characterize various cancer-related processes, and to demonstrate how a bioinformatics approach is being used to bridge basic science and the clinical arena to positively impact patient care and management.

The potential value of artificial neural networks (ANN) as a predictor of malignancy has begun to receive increased recognition. Research and case studies can be found scattered throughout a multitude of journals. Artificial Neural Networks in Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Patient Management brings together the work of top researchers - primaril

Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Bladder Cancer. The editors have built Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Bladder Cancer in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional / 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Breast Cancer. The editors have built Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Breast Cancer in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

This book presents the state of the art of biostatistical methods and their applications in clinical oncology. Many methodologies established today in biostatistics have been brought about through its applications to the design and analysis of oncology clinical studies. This field of oncology, now in the midst of evolution owing to rapid advances in biotechnologies and cancer genomics, is becoming one of the most promising disease fields in the shift toward personalized medicine. Modern developments of diagnosis and therapeutics of cancer have also been continuously fueled by recent progress in establishing the infrastructure for conducting more complex, large-scale clinical trials and observational studies. The field of cancer clinical studies therefore will continue to provide many new statistical challenges that warrant further progress in the methodology and practice of biostatistics. This book provides a systematic coverage of various stages of cancer clinical studies. Topics from modern cancer clinical trials include phase I clinical trials for combination therapies, exploratory phase II trials with multiple endpoints/treatments, and confirmative biomarker-based phase III trials with interim monitoring and adaptation. It also covers important areas of cancer screening, prognostic analysis, and the analysis of large-scale molecular data in the era of big data.

Renal Cancer: Contemporary Management provides a state of the art overview of the major topics in the field of kidney cancer. The material has been collected from the most current evidence based resources to allow for the appropriate care of these patients. The sections of the book have been structured to give an overview of the major issues dealing with renal cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney. The text also reviews the new staging system, discusses familial syndromes of renal cell carcinoma, and provides new perspectives with regard to imaging and managing renal tumors. A valuable resource for physicians and researchers dealing with renal cancer, Renal Cancer: Contemporary Management provides a comprehensive summary of the field that will guide patient management and stimulate further clinical and basic science research efforts.

Diagnose tumors with confidence with Diagnostic Histopathology of Tumors, 4th Edition. Dr. Christopher Fletcher's renowned reference provides the advanced, expert guidance you need to evaluate and interpret even the most challenging histopathology specimens more quickly and accurately. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Diagnose efficiently and effectively using diagnostic flow charts, correlations of gross appearances to microscopic findings, and differential diagnosis tables for better recognition and evaluation of similar-looking entities. Employ immunohistochemistry, molecular and genetic diagnostic tests, and other modern techniques as well as the best morphologic diagnostic methods to effectively identify each tumor or tumor-like entity. Utilize new, clinically important molecular genetic data and updated classification schemes to help guide treatment and targeted therapy. Apply the latest techniques and diagnostic criteria with completely rewritten chapters on Small and Large Intestines, Heart, Larynx and Trachea, Ear, and Peritoneum. Find critical information quickly thanks to more tables and bulleted lists throughout.

Prostate Cancer, Science and Clinical Practice, Second Edition, continues to be an important translational reference that bridges the gap between science and clinical medicine. It reviews the biological processes that can be implicated in the disease, reviews current treatments, highlights the pitfalls where relevant, and examines the scientific developments that might result in future treatments. Key chapters from the previous edition have been updated, and a plethora of new chapters describe new concepts of prostate cancer biology and newly developed therapeutics. Each chapter has been written by internationally recognized specialists on prostate cancer epidemiology, genetic susceptibility, cancer metastases, prostate physiology, proteomics, new therapeutics, and clinical trials. Presents a comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of prostate cancer in one reference work Provides a common language for cancer researchers, oncologists, and urologists to discuss prostate tumors and how prostate cancer metastases affects other major organ systems Offers insights to research clinicians, giving them a key understanding the molecular basis of prostate cancer Offers insights to cancer researchers into how clinical observations and practices can feed back into the research cycle and, therefore, can contribute to the development of more targeted genomic and proteomic assays

Issues in Cancer Treatment / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Gene Therapy. The editors have built Issues in Cancer Treatment: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Gene Therapy in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Cancer Treatment / 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Bladder Cancer. The editors have built Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Bladder Cancer in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Bladder Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

This volume provides a state-of-the-art survey of artificial neural network applications in biomedical diagnosis, laboratory data analysis and related practical areas. It looks at biomedical applications which involve customising neural network technology to resolve specific difficulties with data processing, and deals with applications relating to particular aspects of clinical practice and laboratory or medically-related analysis. Each chapter is self-contained with regard to the technology used, covering important technical points and implementation issues like the design of user interfaces and hardware/software platforms. Artificial Neural Networks in Biomedicine will be of interest to computer scientists and neural network practitioners who want to extend their knowledge of issues relevant to biomedical applications, developers of clinical computer systems, and medical researchers looking for new methods and computational tools.

An estimated 234,000 new cases of prostate cancer will be diagnosed in the United States this year, making it one of the most common cancers affecting American men; however, it can be a controversial disease to diagnose and treat now that there is research abounding for both “watchful waiting and aggressive treatments. Dr. Oh supplies balanced information, with articles on: Prostate Cancer: To Screen or Not To Screen?; High Intensity Focused Ultrasound: Ready for Primetime?; The Case for Open vs. Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy; Primary and Salvage Prostate Cancer Cryotherapy; and The Case for Open vs. Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy, to name a few. The state-of-the art information presented in this issue make is must-have for all urologists.

This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics is focused on Prostate Cancer and highlights topics such as: Prevention, Early Detection, Biomarkers, Risk stratification, Imaging in Prostate Cancer, Adjuvant hormonal therapy, Management of patient with biochemical relapse, Management of patient with newly metastatic disease, and Bone Health Management.