Collective Intelligence for Smart Cities

Deeper City is the first major application of new thinking on ‘deeper complexity’, applied to grand challenges such as runaway urbanization, climate change and rising inequality. The author provides a new framework for the collective intelligence – the capacity for learning and synergy – in many-layered cities, technologies, economies, ecologies and political systems. The key is in synergistic mapping and design, which can move beyond smart ‘winner-takes-all’ competition, towards wiser human systems of cooperation where ‘winners-are-all’. Forty distinct pathways ‘from smart to wise’ are mapped in Deeper City and presented for strategic action, ranging from local neighbourhoods to global finance. As an atlas of the future, and resource library of pathway mappings, this book expands on the author’s previous work, City-Region 2020. From a decade of development and testing, Deeper City combines visual thinking with a narrative style and practical guidance. This book will be indispensable for those seeking a sustainable future – students, politicians, planners, systems designers, activists, engineers and researchers. A new postscript looks at how these methods can work with respect to the 2020 pandemic, and asks, ‘How can we turn crisis towards transformation?'

Collective Intelligence for Smart Cities begins with an overview of the fundamental issues and concepts of smart cities. Surveying the current state-of-the-art research in the field, the book delves deeply into key smart city developments such as health and well-being, transportation, safety, energy & environment, and sustainability. It also focuses on the role of IoT, cloud computing, and big data specifically in smart city development. What ties these topics together is the book's unique overarching focus on Collective Intelligence (CI). A concept for quantifying mass activity familiar to many social science and life science researchers, Collective Intelligence for Smart Cities explores how group decision-making emerges from the consensus of the collective, collaborative, and competitive activities of many individuals. The book concludes with an overview of future directions of research. Provides collective intelligence-based solutions to enhance smart city well-being Recommends strategies to ensure smart city sustainability and optimization Considers cloud-based data processing approaches for managing data collected from smart city applications Uses case studies to shows successful application in a variety of smart city contexts

As cities compete globally, the Smart City has been touted as the important new strategic driver for regeneration and growth. Smart Cities are employing information and communication technologies in the quest for sustainable economic development and the fostering of new forms of collective life. This has made the Smart City an essential focus for engineers, architects, urban designers, urban planners, and politicians, as well as businesses such as CISCO, IBM and Siemens. Despite its broad appeal, few comprehensive books have been devoted to the subject so far, and even fewer have tried to relate it to cultural issues and to assume a truly critical stance by trying to decipher its consequences on urban space and experience. This cultural and critical lens is all the more important as the Smart City is as much an ideal permeated by Utopian beliefs as a concrete process of urban transformation. This ideal possesses a strong self-fulfilling character: our cities will become ‘Smart’ because we want them to. This book opens with an examination of the technological reality on which Smart Cities are built, from the chips and sensors that enable us to monitor what happens within the infrastructure to the smartphones that connect individuals. Through these technologies, the urban space appears as activated, almost sentient. This activation generates two contrasting visions: on the one hand, a neo-cybernetic ambition to steer the city in the most efficient way; and on the other, a more bottom-up, participative approach in which empowered individuals invent new modes of cooperation. A thorough analysis of these two trends reveals them to be complementary. The Smart City of the near future will result from their mutual adjustment. In this process, urban space plays a decisive role. Smart Cities are contemporary with a ‘spatial turn’ of the digital. Based on key technological developments like geo-localisation and augmented reality, the rising importance of space explains the strategic role of mapping in the evolution of the urban experience. Throughout this exploration of some of the key dimensions of the Smart City, this book constantly moves from the technological to the spatial as well as from a critical assessment of existing experiments to speculations on the rise of a new form of collective intelligence. In the future, cities will become smarter in a much more literal way than what is often currently assumed.

The concept of smart cities offers a revolutionary vision of urban design for sustainability. Utilizing the intelligent application of new technologies, smart cities also incorporate considerations of social and environmental capital in order to transform the life and work of cities. This book brings together papers from leading international experts on the transition to smart cities. Drawing upon the experiences of cities in the USA, Canada and Europe, the authors describe the definitional components, critical insights and institutional means by which we can achieve truly smart cities. The resulting volume will be of interest to all involved in urban planning, architecture and engineering, as well as all interested in urban sustainability. This book was published as a special issue of Intelligent Buildings International.

Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence offers a comprehensive view of how cities are evolving as smart ecosystems through the convergence of technologies incorporating machine learning and neural network capabilities, geospatial intelligence, data analytics and visualization, sensors, and smart connected objects. These recent advances in AI move us closer to developing urban operating systems that simulate human, machine, and environmental patterns from transportation infrastructure to communication networks. Exploring cities as real-time, living, dynamic systems, and providing tools and formats including generative design and living lab models that support cities to become self-regulating, this book provides readers with a conceptual and practical knowledge base to grasp and apply the key principles required in the planning, design, and operations of smart cities. Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence brings a multidisciplinary, integrated approach, examining how the digital and physical worlds are converging, and how a new combination of human and machine intelligence is transforming the experience of the urban environment. It presents a fresh holistic understanding of smart cities through an interconnected stream of theory, planning and design methodologies, system architecture, and the application of smart city functions, with the ultimate purpose of making cities more liveable, sustainable, and self-sufficient. Explores concepts in smart city design and development and the transformation of cities through the convergence of human, machine, and natural systems enabled by Artificial Intelligence (AI) Includes numerous diagrams to illustrate and explain complex smart city systems and solutions Features diverse smart city examples and initiatives from around the globe

This two-volume set (LNAI 11683 and LNAI 11684) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computational Collective Intelligence, ICCCI 2019, held in Hendaye France, in September 2019.The 117 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 200 submissions. The papers are grouped in topical sections on: computational collective intelligence and natural language processing; machine learning in real-world data; distributed collective intelligence for smart manufacturing; collective intelligence for science and technology; intelligent management information systems; intelligent sustainable smart cities; new trends and challenges in education: the university 4.0; intelligent processing of multimedia in web systems; and big data streaming, applications and security.

In modern conditions of the development of intelligent systems to solve the problems of smart cities, more and more attention is paid to the construction of distributed intelligent systems, which, based on a network of sensors and specialized calculators, help residents and visitors of the city in real time to solve a whole range of complex problems that arise in an urban environment. In a smart city, much attention is paid to the processing of biometric information that comes from biometric sensors distributed throughout the city. Such biometric systems are multimodal and allow you to control the general condition of a person, and also help a person to move around the city and predict events within the city. This book describes methods for processing biometric information in a smart city environment. The theoretical foundations of building a biometric multisensor network, which allows you to create a unified urban biometric community, are considered. The theoretical foundations of the parallel shift technology and the Radon transformation on cellular automata with a hexagonal covering are presented. On the basis of these technologies, methods of biometric identification by gait parameters and the geometric shape of the auricle are described, which are effectively used in a smart city. A method for tracking dynamic changes in the state of a smart city in real time is considered. Models of behavior of colonies of living organisms, their formation, movement and interaction are described on the basis of the technology of cellular automata with active cells. Models of behavior of active cells in meeting with unwanted cells and models of combining and destruction of active cell colonies are also described. This book is intended for undergraduate, graduate students and specialists working and conducting research in the field of biometric information processing, as well as in the development and construction of distributed intelligent systems.

These transactions publish research in computer-based methods of computational collective intelligence (CCI) and their applications in a wide range of fields such as the semantic Web, social networks, and multi-agent systems. TCCI strives to cover new methodological, theoretical and practical aspects of CCI understood as the form of intelligence that emerges from the collaboration and competition of many individuals (artificial and/or natural). The application of multiple computational intelligence technologies, such as fuzzy systems, evolutionary computation, neural systems, consensus theory, etc., aims to support human and other collective intelligence and to create new forms of CCI in natural and/or artificial systems. This twenty-fifth issue contains 8 carefully selected and revised contributions.

Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence offers a comprehensive view of how cities are evolving as smart ecosystems through the convergence of technologies incorporating machine learning and neural network capabilities, geospatial intelligence, data analytics & visualization, sensors, and smart connected objects to name a few. These recent advances in AI move us closer to developing operating systems that simulate human, machine, and environmental patterns from transportation infrastructure to communication networks. Understanding cities as real-time, living, dynamic systems coupled with new tools including generative design allows readers to plan, manage, and optimize city operations, making cities more efficient and sustainable with the ultimate goal of becoming self-regulating. Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence provides a transdisciplinary, integrated approach, using theoretical and applied insights to examine how the digital and physical worlds are converging and how a new combination of human and machine intelligence is capable of transforming the experience of the urban environment. It provides a fresh holistic perspective on smart cities through an interconnect stream of theory, methodology, system architecture, and the application of Smart City Functions to define an integrated process of the design, planning, and implementation of smart cities.

Examining the changing nature of cities in the face of smart technology, this book studies key new challenges and capabilities defined by the Internet of Things, data science, blockchain and artificial intelligence. It argues that using algorithmic logic alone for automation and optimisation in modern smart cities is not sufficient, and analyses the importance of integrating this with strong participatory governance and digital platforms for community action.

While the population continues to grow and expand, many people are now making their homes in cities around the globe. With this increase in city living, it is becoming vital to create intelligent urban environments that efficiently support this growth, and that simultaneous provide friendly, progressive environments to both businesses and citizens alike. The Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation Within Smart Cities is a comprehensive reference source that discusses social, economic, and environmental issues surrounding the evolution of smart cities. It provides insightful viewpoints on a range of topics such as entrepreneurial ecosystems, competitive tourism, city efficiency, corporate social responsibility, and smart destinations. This publication is ideal for all researchers, academics, and practitioners that wish to expand their knowledge on the emerging trends and topics involving smart cities.

Over the past decade smart urban technologies have begun to blanket our cities, forming the backbone of a large intelligent infrastructure. Along with this development, dissemination of the smart cities ideology has had a significant imprint on urban planning and development. Smart Cities and Innovative Urban Technologies focuses on the concepts of smart cities and innovative urban technologies. It contains research that provides insight into spatial formations of information and communication technologies, and knowledge production practices from various perspectives—including analyses of public and private sectors together with NGOs and other stakeholders. It provides a state-of-the-art analysis from multidisciplinary point-of-view in urban studies. Contributions in this edited volume include theoretical developments as well as empirical analyses. This book will be of great use to various audiences including academics as well as practitioners, spatial developers, planners, and public administrators in order to increase understanding of the dynamics and factors effecting smart cities conceptual maturation and their physical emergence. Information generated in these chapters, particularly regarding the challenges and obstacles of smart cities and innovative urban technologies, are intended to be of benefit to the key local actors in making decision in their cities or/and peripheral locations. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Urban Technology.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Global competitiveness of cities -- 2 Regional development of cities -- 3 Innovation systems and multiple helix ecosystems -- 4 Social innovation, knowledge and networks in smart cities -- 5 Sustainable entrepreneurship in cities -- 6 Institutional entrepreneurship and urban planning -- 7 Entrepreneurial universities -- 8 The future of smart cities -- Index

Are you curious about smart cities? You should be! By mid-century, two-thirds of us will live in cities. The world of tomorrow will be a world of cities. But will they be smart cities? Smart cities are complex blends of technologies, systems and services designed and orchestrated to help people lead productive, fulfilling, safe and happy lives. This remarkable book is a window into our shared future. In crisp language and sharp detail, Mike Barlow and Cornelia Lévy-Bencheton explain how smart cities are powerful forces for positive change. With keen eyes and warm hearts, they invite readers to imagine the world of tomorrow, a fascinating world of connected cities and communities. They capture and convey the depth and richness of the worldwide smart city movement. Smart Cities, Smart Future describes the impact of smart city projects on people in towns, cities and nations around the world. The book includes descriptions of ongoing smart city projects in North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Looking Ahead to an Urban World No two smart cities are alike. No one can say with certainty or precision what the term “smart city” means. There is no standard definition or common template. Today, smart cities are works in progress. They emerge from our hopes and our dreams. This book provides you with the knowledge and insight you need to participate in the smart city movement. It explains how smart cities are “systems of systems” and introduces key concepts such as interoperability, open standards, resiliency, agility, adaptability and continuous improvement. Includes Detailed Glossary of Terms and Essential Vocabulary The book includes a detailed comprehensive glossary of essential smart city terms. The glossary will become your indispensable resource as you engage more deeply with the smart city movement and become more involved in planning our common future in an urban world. Carefully Researched and Crisply Written Smart Cities, Smart Future is carefully researched and fully documented. It includes interviews with leaders and experts in multiple disciplines essential to the development of smart cities, towns, regions, states and nations. Written in the clean style of modern journalism, the book offers a strong and compelling narrative of a changing world. It reminds us that we are responsible for choosing our destiny and determining the shape of things to come. The smart city movement is gaining speed and momentum. Read this book, and enjoy the ride!

Big Data Analytics and Intelligent Techniques for Smart Cities covers fundamentals, advanced concepts, and applications of big data analytics for smart cities in a single volume. This comprehensive reference text discusses big data theory modeling and simulation for smart cities and examines case studies in a single volume. The text discusses how to develop a smart city and state-of-the-art system design, system verification, real-time control and adaptation, Internet of Things, and testbeds. It covers applications of smart cities as they relate to smart transportation/connected vehicle (CV) and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) for improved mobility, safety, and environmental protection. It will be useful as a reference text for graduate students in different areas including electrical engineering, computer science engineering, civil engineering, and electronics and communications engineering. Features: Technologies and algorithms associated with the application of big data for smart cities Discussions on big data theory modeling and simulation for smart cities Applications of smart cities as they relate to smart transportation and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) Discussions on concepts including smart education, smart culture, and smart transformation management for social and societal changes

This comprehensive reference text is a collection of important research findings on the latest developments in network modeling for optimization of smart cities. Such models can be used from outlining the fundamental concepts of urban development to the description and optimization of physical networks, such as power, water or telecommunications. Networks help us understand city economics and various aspects of human interactions within cities with particular applications in quality of life and the flow of people and goods. Finally, the natural environment and even the climate of cities can be modeled and managed as networks.

This edited volume discusses smart cities and smart governance within the framework of the 22nd century sustainable city. Written by members of the Smart Cities Smart Government Research Practice Consortium (SCSGRPC), an international multidisciplinary consortium of researchers and practitioners devoted to studying smart governance, this book provides a foundation for global efforts to envision and prepare for the next generation city by advancing understanding of the nature of and need for novel policies, new administrative practices, and enabling technologies required to advance urban governance, governments, and infrastructure. The chapters focus on practical models and approaches, theoretical frameworks, policy models, emerging issues, questions and research problems, as well as including case studies from different parts of the world. A valuable addition to the body of knowledge on smartness in urban government, this book will be of use to researchers in the fields of public administration, political science, information science, and information systems, as well as policy makers and government officials working on implementing smart technology in their cities.

Smart Cities Cybersecurity and Privacy examines the latest research developments and their outcomes for safe, secure, and trusting smart cities residents. Smart cities improve the quality of life of citizens in their energy and water usage, healthcare, environmental impact, transportation needs, and many other critical city services. Recent advances in hardware and software, have fueled the rapid growth and deployment of ubiquitous connectivity between a city’s physical and cyber components. This connectivity however also opens up many security vulnerabilities that must be mitigated. Smart Cities Cybersecurity and Privacy helps researchers, engineers, and city planners develop adaptive, robust, scalable, and reliable security and privacy smart city applications that can mitigate the negative implications associated with cyber-attacks and potential privacy invasion. It provides insights into networking and security architectures, designs, and models for the secure operation of smart city applications. Consolidates in one place state-of-the-art academic and industry research Provides a holistic and systematic framework for design, evaluating, and deploying the latest security solutions for smart cities Improves understanding and collaboration among all smart city stakeholders to develop more secure smart city architectures

Smart city development has emerged a major issue over the past 5 years. Since the launch of IBM’s Smart Planet and CISCO’s Smart Cities and Communities programmes, their potential to deliver on global sustainable development targets have captured the public’s attention. However, despite this growing interest in the development of smart cities, little has as yet been published that either sets out the state-of-the-art, or which offers a less than subjective, arm’s length and dispassionate account of their potential contribution. This book brings together cutting edge research and the findings from technical development projects from leading authorities within the field to capture the transition to smart cities. It explores what is understood about smart cities, playing particular attention on the governance, modelling and analysis of the transition that smart cities seek to represent. In paving the way for such a representation, the book begins to account for the social capital of smart communities and begins the task of modelling their embedded intelligence through an analysis of what the "embedded intelligence of smart cities" contributes to the sustainability of urban development. This innovative book offers an interdisciplinary perspective and shall be of interest to researchers, policy analysts and technical experts involved in and responsible for the planning, development and design of smart cities. It will also be of particular value to final year undergraduate and postgraduate students interested in Geography, Architecture and Planning.

Ambient intelligence (AmI) is an element of pervasive computing that brings smartness to living and business environments to make them more sensitive, adaptive, autonomous and personalized to human needs. It refers to intelligent interfaces that recognise human presence and preferences, and adjust smart environments to suit their immediate needs and requirements. The key factor is the presence of intelligence and decision-making capabilities in IoT environments. The underlying technologies include pervasive computing, ubiquitous communication, seamless connectivity of smart devices, sensor networks, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and context-aware human-computer interaction (HCI). AmI applications and scenarios include smart homes, autonomous self-driving vehicles, healthcare systems, smart roads, the industry sector, smart facilities management, the education sector, emergency services, and many more. The advantages of AmI in the IoT environment are extensive. However, as for any new technological paradigm, there are also many open issues and limitations. This book discusses the AmI element of the IoT and the relevant principles, frameworks, and technologies in particular, as well as the benefits and inherent limitations. It reviews the state of the art of current developments relating to smart spaces and AmI-based IoT environments. Written by leading international researchers and practitioners, the majority of the contributions focus on device connectivity, pervasive computing and context modelling (including communication, security, interoperability, scalability, and adaptability). The book presents cutting-edge research, current trends, and case studies, as well as suggestions to further our understanding and the development and enhancement of the AmI-IoT vision.